--- title: 1 Kings 21:16 — And it came to pass, when Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab rose up to go down to the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, to take possession of it. Who acts: Ahab, Naboth. 1 Kings 21:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/) / 21:16 # 1 Kings 21:16 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Ahab, Naboth · **What happens:** come, pass, hear, be, rise up, go down · **To what, where:** city, possession · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 21:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahab, Naboth — and what happens in the verse to city, possession, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֛י כִּשְׁמֹ֥עַ אַחְאָ֖ב כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת נָב֑וֹת וַיָּ֣קָם אַחְאָ֗ב לָרֶ֛דֶת אֶל־כֶּ֛רֶם נָב֥וֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֖י לְרִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃ס [And it came to pass, when Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab rose up to go down to the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, to take possession of it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.788/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:749 # text = וַיְהִ֛י כִּשְׁמֹ֥עַ אַחְאָ֖ב כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת נָב֑וֹת וַיָּ֣קָם אַחְאָ֗ב לָרֶ֛דֶת אֶל־כֶּ֛רֶם נָב֥וֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֖י לְרִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃ס # verse = 1KI.21.16 1-2 וַיְהִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:16!1|MId=o110210160011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֛י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1KI_21:16!1|MId=o110210160012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 כִּשְׁמֹ֥עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=1KI_21:16!2|MId=o110210160021|Strong=3509a 4 שְׁמֹ֥עַ שָׁמַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=as.heard|Ref=1KI_21:16!2|MId=o110210160022|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:110210160031;A1:110210160051;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 אַחְאָ֖ב אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_21:16!3|MId=o110210160031|Strong=0256 6 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=1KI_21:16!4|MId=o110210160041|Strong=3588 7 מֵ֣ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 ccomp _ Gloss=he.had.died|Ref=1KI_21:16!5|MId=o110210160051|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:110210160061;|Type=qatal 8 נָב֑וֹת נָבוֹת PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Naboth|Ref=1KI_21:16!6|MId=o110210160061|Strong=5022 9-10 וַיָּ֣קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:16!7|MId=o110210160071|Strong=2050b 10 יָּ֣קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=1KI_21:16!7|MId=o110210160072|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:110210160081;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 אַחְאָ֗ב אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_21:16!8|MId=o110210160081|Strong=0256 12-13 לָרֶ֛דֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:16!9|MId=o110210160091|Strong=3807a 13 רֶ֛דֶת יָרַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 advcl _ Gloss=go.down|Ref=1KI_21:16!9|MId=o110210160092|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:110210160081;|Type=infinitive_construct 14 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:16!10|MId=o110210160101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 15 כֶּ֛רֶם כֶּרֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=the.vineyard|Ref=1KI_21:16!11|MId=o110210160111|Strong=3754 16 נָב֥וֹת נָבוֹת PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Naboth|Ref=1KI_21:16!12|MId=o110210160121|Strong=5022 17-18 הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_21:16!13|MId=o110210160131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 יִּזְרְעֵאלִ֖י יִזְרְעֵאלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=Jezreelite|Ref=1KI_21:16!13|MId=o110210160132|Strong=3158|Type=gentilic 19-21 לְרִשְׁתּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:16!14|MId=o110210160141|Strong=3807a 20 רִשְׁתּ יָרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 13 advcl _ Gloss=take|Ref=1KI_21:16!14|MId=o110210160142|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:110210160081;A1:110210160143;|Type=infinitive_construct 21 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=possession.of.it|Ref=1KI_21:16!14|MId=o110210160143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:16!14|SpaceAfter=No 23 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:16!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁמֹעַ *as heard* | infinitive construct · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | מֵת *he had died* | | | | מֵת *he had died* | qatal · qal | נָבוֹת *Naboth* | | | | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | רֶדֶת *go down* | infinitive construct · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | רִשְׁתּ *take* | infinitive construct · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | ֽוֹ *possession of it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד שְׁמַע אַחְאָב אֲרֵי מִית נָבוֹת וְקָם אַחְאָב לְמֵיחַת לְכַרְמָא דְנָבוֹת יִזְרְעֶאלָה לְמֵירְתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, when Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab rose up to go down to the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, to take possession of it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.788/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:749`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 21:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.15/) - next →: [1 Kings 21:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.17/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/)