--- title: 1 Kings 21:2 — And Ahab spoke unto Naboth, saying: 'Give me thy vineyard, that I ma… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Ahab spoke unto Naboth, saying: 'Give me thy vineyard, that I may have it for a garden of herbs, because it is near unto my house; and I will give thee for it a better vineyard than it; or, if it seem good to thee, I will give thee the worth of it in money.' Who acts: Ahab, I, vineyard, it. 1 Ki --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/) / 21:2 # 1 Kings 21:2 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Ahab, I, vineyard, it · **What happens:** speak, say, give, have, be, seem · **To what, where:** vineyard, me, better vineyard, thee, worth, money · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 21:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahab, I, vineyard, it — and what happens in the verse to vineyard, me, better vineyard, thee, worth, money, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אַחְאָ֣ב אֶל־נָב֣וֹת ׀ לֵאמֹר֩ ׀ תְּנָה־לִּ֨י אֶֽת־כַּרְמְךָ֜ וִֽיהִי־לִ֣י לְגַן־יָרָ֗ק כִּ֣י ה֤וּא קָרוֹב֙ אֵ֣צֶל בֵּיתִ֔י וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה לְךָ֙ תַּחְתָּ֔יו כֶּ֖רֶם ט֣וֹב מִמֶּ֑נּוּ אִ֚ם ט֣וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ אֶתְּנָה־לְךָ֥ כֶ֖סֶף מְחִ֥יר זֶֽה׃ [And Ahab spoke unto Naboth, saying: 'Give me thy vineyard, that I may have it for a garden of herbs, because it is near unto my house; and I will give thee for it a better vineyard than it; or, if it seem good to thee, I will give thee the worth of it in money.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.773/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:735 # text = וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אַחְאָ֣ב אֶל־נָב֣וֹת ׀ לֵאמֹר֩ ׀ תְּנָה־לִּ֨י אֶֽת־כַּרְמְךָ֜ וִֽיהִי־לִ֣י לְגַן־יָרָ֗ק כִּ֣י ה֤וּא קָרוֹב֙ אֵ֣צֶל בֵּיתִ֔י וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה לְךָ֙ תַּחְתָּ֔יו כֶּ֖רֶם ט֣וֹב מִמֶּ֑נּוּ אִ֚ם ט֣וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ אֶתְּנָה־לְךָ֥ כֶ֖סֶף מְחִ֥יר זֶֽה׃ # verse = 1KI.21.2 1-2 וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:2!1|MId=o110210020011|Strong=2050b 2 יְדַבֵּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=1KI_21:2!1|MId=o110210020012|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:110210020021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַחְאָ֣ב אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_21:2!2|MId=o110210020021|Strong=0256 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:2!3|MId=o110210020031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 נָב֣וֹת נָבוֹת PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Naboth|Ref=1KI_21:2!4|MId=o110210020041|Strong=5022 6 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:2!4 7-8 לֵאמֹר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 10 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_21:2!5|MId=o110210020051|Strong=3807a 8 אמֹר֩ אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_21:2!5|MId=o110210020052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110210020021;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:2!5 10-11 תְּנָה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 תְּנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=give|Ref=1KI_21:2!6|MId=o110210020061|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110210020041;A1:110210020091;|Type=imperative 11 ָה־ ה X _ _ 10 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_21:2!6|MId=o110210020062|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 12-13 לִּ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:2!7|MId=o110210020071|Strong=3807a 13 ִ֨י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1KI_21:2!7|MId=o110210020072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_21:2!8|MId=o110210020081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 כַּרְמְךָ֜ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 כַּרְמ כֶּרֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=vineyard|Ref=1KI_21:2!9|MId=o110210020091|Strong=3754 16 ְךָ֜ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_21:2!9|MId=o110210020092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17-18 וִֽיהִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וִֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=1KI_21:2!10|MId=o110210020101|Strong=2050b 18 יהִי־ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 22 cop _ Gloss=that.it.may.belong|Ref=1KI_21:2!10|MId=o110210020102|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:110210020091;|Type=jussive 19-20 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 ל לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:2!11|MId=o110210020111|Strong=3807a 20 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1KI_21:2!11|MId=o110210020112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 לְגַן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:2!12|MId=o110210020121|Strong=3807a 22 גַן־ גַּן NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 conj _ Gloss=a.garden|Ref=1KI_21:2!12|MId=o110210020122|Strong=1588 23 יָרָ֗ק יָרָק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.vegetable[s]|Ref=1KI_21:2!13|MId=o110210020131|Strong=3419 24 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1KI_21:2!14|MId=o110210020141|Strong=3588 25 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=1KI_21:2!15|MId=o110210020151|Strong=1931|Type=personal 26 קָרוֹב֙ קָרֹוב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 advcl _ Gloss=[is].near|Ref=1KI_21:2!16|MId=o110210020161|Strong=7138|Type=adjective 27 אֵ֣צֶל אֵצֶל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=beside|Ref=1KI_21:2!17|MId=o110210020171|Strong=0681 28-29 בֵּיתִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בֵּית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 nmod _ Gloss=house|Ref=1KI_21:2!18|MId=o110210020181|Strong=1004 29 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_21:2!18|MId=o110210020182|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 30-31 וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:2!19|MId=o110210020191|Strong=2050b 31 אֶתְּנָ֤ה נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 conj _ Gloss=I.will.give|Ref=1KI_21:2!19|MId=o110210020192|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110210020021;A1:110210020221;|Type=cohortative 32-33 לְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 ל לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:2!20|MId=o110210020201|Strong=3807a 33 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_21:2!20|MId=o110210020202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 34-35 תַּחְתָּ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 תַּחְתָּ֔י תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 31 obl _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_21:2!21|MId=o110210020211|Strong=8478 35 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=place.of.it|Ref=1KI_21:2!21|MId=o110210020212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 36 כֶּ֖רֶם כֶּרֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=a.vineyard|Ref=1KI_21:2!22|MId=o110210020221|Strong=3754 37 ט֣וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 amod _ Gloss=good|Ref=1KI_21:2!23|MId=o110210020231|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 38-39 מִמֶּ֑נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=1KI_21:2!24|MId=o110210020241|Strong=4480 39 ֶ֑נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 nmod _ Gloss=than.it|Ref=1KI_21:2!24|MId=o110210020242|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 40 אִ֚ם אִם SCONJ _ _ 41 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1KI_21:2!25|MId=o110210020251|Strong=0518 41 ט֣וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 45 advcl _ Gloss=[it.is].good|Ref=1KI_21:2!26|MId=o110210020261|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 42-44 בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_21:2!27|MId=o110210020271|Strong=0871a 43 עֵינֶ֔י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 41 obl _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=1KI_21:2!27|MId=o110210020272|Strong=5869 44 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_21:2!27|MId=o110210020273|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 45 אֶתְּנָה־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.give|Ref=1KI_21:2!28|MId=o110210020281|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110210020021;A1:110210020301;|Type=cohortative|SpaceAfter=No 46-47 לְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 ל לְ ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:2!29|MId=o110210020291|Strong=3807a 47 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 45 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_21:2!29|MId=o110210020292|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 48 כֶ֖סֶף כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 45 obj _ Gloss=money|Ref=1KI_21:2!30|MId=o110210020301|Strong=3701 49 מְחִ֥יר מְחִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 48 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.price|Ref=1KI_21:2!31|MId=o110210020311|Strong=4242 50 זֶֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 49 det _ Gloss=of.this.[one]|Ref=1KI_21:2!32|MId=o110210020321|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 51 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 50 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:2!32 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְדַבֵּר *he spoke* | wayyiqtol · piel | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | תְּנ *give* | imperative · qal | נָבוֹת *Naboth* | כַּרְמ *vineyard* | | | | יהִי־ *that it may belong* | jussive · qal | כַּרְמ *vineyard* | | | | | אֶתְּנָה *I will give* | cohortative · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | כֶּרֶם *a vineyard* | | | | אֶתְּנָה־ *I will give* | cohortative · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | כֶסֶף *money* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּמַלֵל אַחְאָב עִם נָבוֹת לְמֵימַר הַב לִי יַת כַּרְמָךְ וִיהִי לִי לְגִנַת יַרְקָא אֲרֵי הוּא קָרִיב לְבֵיתִי וְאֶתֵּן לָךְ חִלוּפֵיהּ כַרְמָא דְטַב מִינֵיהּ אִם תַּקִין בְּעֵינָךְ אֶתֵּן לָךְ כַּסְפָּא דָמוֹהִי מַה דְשָׁוֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Ahab spoke unto Naboth, saying: 'Give me thy vineyard, that I may have it for a garden of herbs, because it is near unto my house; and I will give thee for it a better vineyard than it; or, if it seem good to thee, I will give thee the worth of it in money.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.773/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:735`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 21:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.1/) - next →: [1 Kings 21:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.3/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/)