--- title: 1 Kings 21:23 — And of Jezebel also spoke the LORD, saying: The dogs shall eat Jezeb… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And of Jezebel also spoke the LORD, saying: The dogs shall eat Jezebel in the moat of Jezreel. Who acts: LORD, dogs. 1 Kings 21:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/) / 21:23 # 1 Kings 21:23 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** LORD, dogs · **What happens:** speak, say, eat · **To what, where:** Jezebel, moat · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 21:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, dogs — and what happens in the verse to Jezebel, moat, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְגַ֨ם־לְאִיזֶ֔בֶל דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר הַכְּלָבִ֛ים יֹאכְל֥וּ אֶת־אִיזֶ֖בֶל בְּחֵ֥ל יִזְרְעֶֽאל׃ [And of Jezebel also spoke the LORD, saying: The dogs shall eat Jezebel in the moat of Jezreel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.795/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:756 # text = וְגַ֨ם־לְאִיזֶ֔בֶל דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר הַכְּלָבִ֛ים יֹאכְל֥וּ אֶת־אִיזֶ֖בֶל בְּחֵ֥ל יִזְרְעֶֽאל׃ # verse = 1KI.21.23 1-2 וְגַ֨ם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:23!1|MId=o110210230011|Strong=2050b 2 גַ֨ם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1KI_21:23!1|MId=o110210230012|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 3-4 לְאִיזֶ֔בֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_21:23!2|MId=o110210230021|Strong=3807a 4 אִיזֶ֔בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_21:23!2|MId=o110210230022|Strong=0348 5 דִּבֶּ֥ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.spoken|Ref=1KI_21:23!3|MId=o110210230031|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:110210230041;|Type=qatal 6 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1KI_21:23!4|MId=o110210230041|Strong=3068 7-8 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 11 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_21:23!5|MId=o110210230051|Strong=3807a 8 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_21:23!5|MId=o110210230052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110210230041;|Type=infinitive_construct 9-10 הַכְּלָבִ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_21:23!6|MId=o110210230061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 כְּלָבִ֛ים כֶּלֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=dogs|Ref=1KI_21:23!6|MId=o110210230062|Strong=3611 11 יֹאכְל֥וּ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 ccomp _ Gloss=they.will.devour|Ref=1KI_21:23!7|MId=o110210230071|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:110210230062;A1:110210230091;|Type=yiqtol 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_21:23!8|MId=o110210230081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13 אִיזֶ֖בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 11 obj _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_21:23!9|MId=o110210230091|Strong=0348 14-15 בְּחֵ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_21:23!10|MId=o110210230101|Strong=0871a 15 חֵ֥ל חֵיל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.rampart|Ref=1KI_21:23!10|MId=o110210230102|Strong=2426 16 יִזְרְעֶֽאל יִזְרְעֶאל PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jezreel|Ref=1KI_21:23!11|MId=o110210230111|Strong=3157a|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:23!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | דִּבֶּר *he has spoken* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יֹאכְלוּ *they will devour* | yiqtol · qal | כְּלָבִים *dogs* | אִיזֶבֶל *Jezebel* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַף עַל אִיזֶבֶל גְזַר יְיָ לְמֵימַר כַּלְבַיָא יֵיכְלוּן יַת אִיזֶבֶל בְּאַחְסָנַת יִזְרְעֶאל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And of Jezebel also spoke the LORD, saying: The dogs shall eat Jezebel in the moat of Jezreel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.795/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:756`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 21:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.22/) - next →: [1 Kings 21:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.24/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/)