--- title: 1 Kings 22:39 — Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory house which he built, and all the cities that he built, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? Who acts: Ahab. 1 Kings 22:39 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.39/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/22/) / 22:39 # 1 Kings 22:39 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Ahab · **What happens:** do, build, not write, act, chronicle · **To what, where:** ivory house, cities, rest, book, kings This is 1 Kings 22:39 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahab — and what happens in the verse to ivory house, cities, rest, book, kings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְיֶתֶר֩ דִּבְרֵ֨י אַחְאָ֜ב וְכָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֗ה וּבֵ֤ית הַשֵּׁן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּנָ֔ה וְכָל־הֶעָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּנָ֑ה הֲלֽוֹא־הֵ֣ם כְּתוּבִ֗ים עַל־סֵ֛פֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י הַיָּמִ֖ים לְמַלְכֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory house which he built, and all the cities that he built, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.844/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:801 # text = וְיֶתֶר֩ דִּבְרֵ֨י אַחְאָ֜ב וְכָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֗ה וּבֵ֤ית הַשֵּׁן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּנָ֔ה וְכָל־הֶעָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּנָ֑ה הֲלֽוֹא־הֵ֣ם כְּתוּבִ֗ים עַל־סֵ֛פֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י הַיָּמִ֖ים לְמַלְכֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = 1KI.22.39 1-2 וְיֶתֶר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_22:39!1|MId=o110220390011|Strong=2050b 2 יֶתֶר֩ יֶתֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 dislocated _ Gloss=the.rest|Ref=1KI_22:39!1|MId=o110220390012|Strong=3499 3 דִּבְרֵ֨י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.matters|Ref=1KI_22:39!2|MId=o110220390021|Strong=1697 4 אַחְאָ֜ב אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ahab|Ref=1KI_22:39!3|MId=o110220390031|Strong=0256 5-6 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_22:39!4|MId=o110220390041|Strong=2050b 6 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_22:39!4|MId=o110220390042|Strong=3605 7 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 8 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1KI_22:39!5|MId=o110220390051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 8 עָשָׂ֗ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=1KI_22:39!6|MId=o110220390061|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110220390031;A1:110220390042;|Type=qatal 9-10 וּבֵ֤ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_22:39!7|MId=o110220390071|Strong=2050b 10 בֵ֤ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=1KI_22:39!7|MId=o110220390072|Strong=1004 11-12 הַשֵּׁן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1KI_22:39!8|MId=o110220390081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 שֵּׁן֙ שֵׁן NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=ivory|Ref=1KI_22:39!8|MId=o110220390082|Strong=8127 13 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1KI_22:39!9|MId=o110220390091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 14 בָּנָ֔ה בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.built|Ref=1KI_22:39!10|MId=o110220390101|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:110220390031;A1:110220390072;|Type=qatal 15-16 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_22:39!11|MId=o110220390111|Strong=2050b 16 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_22:39!11|MId=o110220390112|Strong=3605 17-18 הֶעָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_22:39!12|MId=o110220390121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 עָרִ֖ים עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=cities|Ref=1KI_22:39!12|MId=o110220390122|Strong=5892 19 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1KI_22:39!13|MId=o110220390131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 בָּנָ֑ה בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.built|Ref=1KI_22:39!14|MId=o110220390141|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:110220390031;A1:110220390122;|Type=qatal 21-22 הֲלֽוֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=1KI_22:39!15|MId=o110220390151|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 22 לֽוֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1KI_22:39!15|MId=o110220390152|Strong=3808|Type=negative 23 הֵ֣ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].they|Ref=1KI_22:39!16|MId=o110220390161|Strong=1992|Type=personal 24 כְּתוּבִ֗ים כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=written|Ref=1KI_22:39!17|MId=o110220390171|Strong=3789|Frame=A1:110220390161;|Type=participle_passive 25 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_22:39!18|MId=o110220390181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 26 סֵ֛פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.scroll|Ref=1KI_22:39!19|MId=o110220390191|Strong=5612 27 דִּבְרֵ֥י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.matters|Ref=1KI_22:39!20|MId=o110220390201|Strong=1697 28-29 הַיָּמִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_22:39!21|MId=o110220390211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 יָּמִ֖ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=1KI_22:39!21|MId=o110220390212|Strong=3117 30-31 לְמַלְכֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_22:39!22|MId=o110220390221|Strong=3807a 31 מַלְכֵ֥י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 nmod _ Gloss=the.kings|Ref=1KI_22:39!22|MId=o110220390222|Strong=4428 32 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1KI_22:39!23|MId=o110220390231|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1KI_22:39!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשָׂה *he did* | qatal · qal | אַחְאָב *of Ahab* | כָל־ *all* | | | | בָּנָה *he built* | qatal · qal | אַחְאָב *of Ahab* | בֵית *the house* | | | | בָּנָה *he built* | qatal · qal | אַחְאָב *of Ahab* | עָרִים *cities* | | | | **not** כְּתוּבִים *written* | participle passive · qal | | הֵם *\[are\] they* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁאָר פִּתְגָמֵי אַחְאָב וְכָל דַעֲבַד וּבֵית שִׁנָא דְפִיל דִי בְנָא וְכָל קִרְוַיָא דִבְנָא הֲלָא אִינוּן כְּתִיבִין עַל סְפַר פִּתְגָמֵי יוֹמַיָא לְמַלְכֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory house which he built, and all the cities that he built, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.844/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:801`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 22:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.38/) - next →: [1 Kings 22:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.40/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/22/)