--- title: 1 Kings 3:9 — Give Thy servant therefore an understanding heart to judge Thy peopl… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Give Thy servant therefore an understanding heart to judge Thy people, that I may discern between good and evil; for who is able to judge this Thy great people?' Who acts: you, I. 1 Kings 3:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.3.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/3/) / 3:9 # 1 Kings 3:9 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** you, I · **What happens:** give, judge, discern, be · **To what, where:** understanding heart, servant, people, great people This is 1 Kings 3:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, I — and what happens in the verse to understanding heart, servant, people, great people, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְנָתַתָּ֨ לְעַבְדְּךָ֜ לֵ֤ב שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙ לִשְׁפֹּ֣ט אֶֽת־עַמְּךָ֔ לְהָבִ֖ין בֵּֽין־ט֣וֹב לְרָ֑ע כִּ֣י מִ֤י יוּכַל֙ לִשְׁפֹּ֔ט אֶת־עַמְּךָ֥ הַכָּבֵ֖ד הַזֶּֽה׃ [Give Thy servant therefore an understanding heart to judge Thy people, that I may discern between good and evil; for who is able to judge this Thy great people?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.117/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:107 # text = וְנָתַתָּ֨ לְעַבְדְּךָ֜ לֵ֤ב שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙ לִשְׁפֹּ֣ט אֶֽת־עַמְּךָ֔ לְהָבִ֖ין בֵּֽין־ט֣וֹב לְרָ֑ע כִּ֣י מִ֤י יוּכַל֙ לִשְׁפֹּ֔ט אֶת־עַמְּךָ֥ הַכָּבֵ֖ד הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = 1KI.3.9 1-2 וְנָתַתָּ֨ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_3:9!1|MId=o110030090011|Strong=2050b 2 נָתַתָּ֨ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.give|Ref=1KI_3:9!1|MId=o110030090012|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110030070021;A1:110030090031;|Type=weqatal 3-5 לְעַבְדְּךָ֜ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_3:9!2|MId=o110030090021|Strong=3807a 4 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=servant|Ref=1KI_3:9!2|MId=o110030090022|Strong=5650 5 ְךָ֜ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_3:9!2|MId=o110030090023|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6 לֵ֤ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=a.heart|Ref=1KI_3:9!3|MId=o110030090031|Strong=3820 7 שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 nmod _ Gloss=[which].listens|Ref=1KI_3:9!4|MId=o110030090041|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:110030090031;|Type=participle_active 8-9 לִשְׁפֹּ֣ט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_3:9!5|MId=o110030090051|Strong=3807a 9 שְׁפֹּ֣ט שָׁפַט VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=judge|Ref=1KI_3:9!5|MId=o110030090052|Strong=8199|Frame=A0:110030090022;A1:110030090071;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_3:9!6|MId=o110030090061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 עַמְּךָ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=1KI_3:9!7|MId=o110030090071|Strong=5971 12 ְךָ֔ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_3:9!7|MId=o110030090072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13-14 לְהָבִ֖ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_3:9!8|MId=o110030090081|Strong=3807a 14 הָבִ֖ין בִּין VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=distinguish|Ref=1KI_3:9!8|MId=o110030090082|Strong=0995|Frame=A0:110030090022;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 בֵּֽין־ בֵּין ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=1KI_3:9!9|MId=o110030090091|Strong=0996|SpaceAfter=No 16 ט֣וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=good|Ref=1KI_3:9!10|MId=o110030090101|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 17-18 לְרָ֑ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_3:9!11|MId=o110030090111|Strong=3807a 18 רָ֑ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=evil|Ref=1KI_3:9!11|MId=o110030090112|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 19 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1KI_3:9!12|MId=o110030090121|Strong=3588 20 מִ֤י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 21 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=1KI_3:9!13|MId=o110030090131|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 21 יוּכַל֙ יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=is.he.able|Ref=1KI_3:9!14|MId=o110030090141|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:110030090131;|Type=yiqtol 22-23 לִשְׁפֹּ֔ט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_3:9!15|MId=o110030090151|Strong=3807a 23 שְׁפֹּ֔ט שָׁפַט VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 21 xcomp _ Gloss=judge|Ref=1KI_3:9!15|MId=o110030090152|Strong=8199|Frame=A0:110030090131;A1:110030090171;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_3:9!16|MId=o110030090161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 עַמְּךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=1KI_3:9!17|MId=o110030090171|Strong=5971 26 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_3:9!17|MId=o110030090172|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 27-28 הַכָּבֵ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_3:9!18|MId=o110030090181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 כָּבֵ֖ד כָּבֵד ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 amod _ Gloss=massive|Ref=1KI_3:9!18|MId=o110030090182|Strong=3515|Type=adjective 29-30 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_3:9!19|MId=o110030090191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1KI_3:9!19|MId=o110030090192|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=1KI_3:9!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָתַתָּ *you will give* | weqatal · qal | | לֵב *a heart* | | | | שֹׁמֵעַ *\[which\] listens* | participle active · qal | לֵב *a heart* | | | | | שְׁפֹּט *judge* | infinitive construct · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | עַמּ *people* | | | | הָבִין *distinguish* | infinitive construct · hiphil | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | יוּכַל *is he able* | yiqtol · qal | מִי *who?* | | | | | שְׁפֹּט *judge* | infinitive construct · qal | מִי *who?* | עַמּ *people* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתִתֵּן לְעַבְדָךְ לֵב סַבַּר לְמֵידַן יַת עַמָךְ לְמִסְבַּר בֵּין טַב לְבִישׁ אֲרֵי מַן יִכּוֹל לְמֵידַן יַת עַמָךְ סַגִיאָה הָדֵין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Give Thy servant therefore an understanding heart to judge Thy people, that I may discern between good and evil; for who is able to judge this Thy great people?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.117/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:107`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 3:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.3.8/) - next →: [1 Kings 3:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.3.10/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/3/)