--- title: 1 Kings 8:23 — and he said: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, there is no God like Thee,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and he said: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, there is no God like Thee, in heaven above, or on earth beneath; who keepest covenant and mercy with Thy servants, that walk before Thee with all their heart; Who acts: LORD, God, servants. 1 Kings 8:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/8/) / 8:23 # 1 Kings 8:23 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** LORD, God, servants · **What happens:** say, be, keep, walk · **To what, where:** heaven, covenant, Thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 8:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, God, servants — and what happens in the verse to heaven, covenant, Thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֵין־כָּמ֣וֹךָ אֱלֹהִ֔ים בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם מִמַּ֔עַל וְעַל־הָאָ֖רֶץ מִתָּ֑חַת שֹׁמֵ֤ר הַבְּרִית֙ וְֽהַחֶ֔סֶד לַעֲבָדֶ֕יךָ הַהֹלְכִ֥ים לְפָנֶ֖יךָ בְּכָל־לִבָּֽם׃ [and he said: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, there is no God like Thee, in heaven above, or on earth beneath; who keepest covenant and mercy with Thy servants, that walk before Thee with all their heart;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.305/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:290 # text = וַיֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֵין־כָּמ֣וֹךָ אֱלֹהִ֔ים בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם מִמַּ֔עַל וְעַל־הָאָ֖רֶץ מִתָּ֑חַת שֹׁמֵ֤ר הַבְּרִית֙ וְֽהַחֶ֔סֶד לַעֲבָדֶ֕יךָ הַהֹלְכִ֥ים לְפָנֶ֖יךָ בְּכָל־לִבָּֽם׃ # verse = 1KI.8.23 1-2 וַיֹּאמַ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_8:23!1|MId=o110080230011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמַ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_8:23!1|MId=o110080230012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110080220021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָ֞ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 21 dislocated _ Gloss=O.Yahweh|Ref=1KI_8:23!2|MId=o110080230021|Strong=3068 4 אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=1KI_8:23!3|MId=o110080230031|Strong=0430 5 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1KI_8:23!4|MId=o110080230041|Strong=3478 6 אֵין־ אַיִן ADV _ _ 21 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=1KI_8:23!5|MId=o110080230051|Strong=0369|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 כָּמ֣וֹךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 כָּמ֣וֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=1KI_8:23!6|MId=o110080230061|Strong=3644 8 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_8:23!6|MId=o110080230062|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 9 אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=a.God|Ref=1KI_8:23!7|MId=o110080230071|Strong=0430 10-12 בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_8:23!8|MId=o110080230081|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_8:23!8|MId=o110080230081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 שָּׁמַ֣יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 obl _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=1KI_8:23!8|MId=o110080230082|Strong=8064 13-14 מִמַּ֔עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=1KI_8:23!9|MId=o110080230091|Strong=4480 14 מַּ֔עַל מַעַל ADV _ _ 12 nmod _ Gloss=above|Ref=1KI_8:23!9|MId=o110080230092|Strong=4605 15-16 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_8:23!10|MId=o110080230101|Strong=2050b 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_8:23!10|MId=o110080230102|Strong=5921 17-18 הָאָ֖רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_8:23!11|MId=o110080230111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אָ֖רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=earth|Ref=1KI_8:23!11|MId=o110080230112|Strong=0776 19-20 מִתָּ֑חַת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=1KI_8:23!12|MId=o110080230121|Strong=4480 20 תָּ֑חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=beneath|Ref=1KI_8:23!12|MId=o110080230122|Strong=8478 21 שֹׁמֵ֤ר שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[who].keeps|Ref=1KI_8:23!13|MId=o110080230131|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:110080230021;A1:110080230142;110080230153;|Type=participle_active 22-23 הַבְּרִית֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_8:23!14|MId=o110080230141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 בְּרִית֙ בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=1KI_8:23!14|MId=o110080230142|Strong=1285 24-26 וְֽהַחֶ֔סֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and.(the)|Ref=1KI_8:23!15|MId=o110080230151|Strong=2050b 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=1KI_8:23!15|MId=o110080230152|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 חֶ֔סֶד חֶסֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=loyalty|Ref=1KI_8:23!15|MId=o110080230153|Strong=2617 27-29 לַעֲבָדֶ֕יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_8:23!16|MId=o110080230161|Strong=3807a 28 עֲבָדֶ֕י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1KI_8:23!16|MId=o110080230162|Strong=5650 29 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_8:23!16|MId=o110080230163|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30-31 הַהֹלְכִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=1KI_8:23!17|MId=o110080230171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 הֹלְכִ֥ים הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 28 appos _ Gloss=walk|Ref=1KI_8:23!17|MId=o110080230172|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110080230162;|Type=participle_active 32-34 לְפָנֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1KI_8:23!18|MId=o110080230181|Strong=3807a 33 פָנֶ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 31 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_8:23!18|MId=o110080230182|Strong=6440 34 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_8:23!18|MId=o110080230183|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 35-36 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1KI_8:23!19|MId=o110080230191|Strong=0871a 36 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_8:23!19|MId=o110080230192|Strong=3605 37-38 לִבָּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=heart|Ref=1KI_8:23!20|MId=o110080230201|Strong=3820 38 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1KI_8:23!20|MId=o110080230202|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=1KI_8:23!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמַר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** שֹׁמֵר *\[who\] keeps* | participle active · qal | יְהוָה *O Yahweh* | בְּרִית *covenant* + חֶסֶד *loyalty* | | | | הֹלְכִים *walk* | participle active · qal | עֲבָדֶי *servants* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְיָ אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל לֵית בַּר מִנָךְ אַתְּ הוּא אֱלָהָא דִשְׁכִינְתָּךְ בִּשְׁמַיָא מִלְעֵילָא וְשַׁלִיט עַל אַרְעָא מִלְרַע נְטַר קְיָמָא וְחִסְדָא לְעַבְדָךְ דִי מְהַלְכִין קֳדָמָךְ בְּכָל לִבְּהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and he said: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, there is no God like Thee, in heaven above, or on earth beneath; who keepest covenant and mercy with Thy servants, that walk before Thee with all their heart;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.305/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:290`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 8:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.22/) - next →: [1 Kings 8:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.24/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/8/)