--- title: 1 Kings 8:32 — then hear Thou in heaven, and do, and judge Thy servants, condemning… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: then hear Thou in heaven, and do, and judge Thy servants, condemning the wicked, to bring his way upon his own head; and justifying the righteous, to give him according to his righteousness. Who acts: Thou. 1 Kings 8:32 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/8/) / 8:32 # 1 Kings 8:32 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Thou · **What happens:** hear, judge, condemn, bring, justify, give · **To what, where:** heaven, servants, wicked, way, righteous This is 1 Kings 8:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou — and what happens in the verse to heaven, servants, wicked, way, righteous, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַתָּ֣ה ׀ תִּשְׁמַ֣ע הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם וְעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙ וְשָׁפַטְתָּ֣ אֶת־עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ לְהַרְשִׁ֣יעַ רָשָׁ֔ע לָתֵ֥ת דַּרְכּ֖וֹ בְּרֹאשׁ֑וֹ וּלְהַצְדִּ֣יק צַדִּ֔יק לָ֥תֶת ל֖וֹ כְּצִדְקָתֽוֹ׃ס [then hear Thou in heaven, and do, and judge Thy servants, condemning the wicked, to bring his way upon his own head; and justifying the righteous, to give him according to his righteousness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.314/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:299 # text = וְאַתָּ֣ה ׀ תִּשְׁמַ֣ע הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם וְעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙ וְשָׁפַטְתָּ֣ אֶת־עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ לְהַרְשִׁ֣יעַ רָשָׁ֔ע לָתֵ֥ת דַּרְכּ֖וֹ בְּרֹאשׁ֑וֹ וּלְהַצְדִּ֣יק צַדִּ֔יק לָ֥תֶת ל֖וֹ כְּצִדְקָתֽוֹ׃ס # verse = 1KI.8.32 1-2 וְאַתָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_8:32!1|MId=o110080320011|Strong=2050b 2 אַתָּ֣ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_8:32!1|MId=o110080320012|Strong=0859|Type=personal 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=1KI_8:32!1 4 תִּשְׁמַ֣ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.hear|Ref=1KI_8:32!2|MId=o110080320021|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:110080320012;|Type=yiqtol 5-6 הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_8:32!3|MId=o110080320031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 שָּׁמַ֗יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=1KI_8:32!3|MId=o110080320032|Strong=8064 7-8 וְעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_8:32!4|MId=o110080320041|Strong=2050b 8 עָשִׂ֙יתָ֙ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.will.act|Ref=1KI_8:32!4|MId=o110080320042|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110080280071;|Type=weqatal 9-10 וְשָׁפַטְתָּ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_8:32!5|MId=o110080320051|Strong=2050b 10 שָׁפַטְתָּ֣ שָׁפַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.will.judge|Ref=1KI_8:32!5|MId=o110080320052|Strong=8199|Frame=A0:110080280071;A1:110080320071;|Type=weqatal 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_8:32!6|MId=o110080320061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 עֲבָדֶ֔י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1KI_8:32!7|MId=o110080320071|Strong=5650 13 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_8:32!7|MId=o110080320072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14-15 לְהַרְשִׁ֣יעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_8:32!8|MId=o110080320081|Strong=3807a 15 הַרְשִׁ֣יעַ רָשַׁע VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 10 advcl _ Gloss=condemn.as.guilty|Ref=1KI_8:32!8|MId=o110080320082|Strong=7561|Frame=AA:110080280071;A0:110080320091;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 רָשָׁ֔ע רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=a.guilty.[person]|Ref=1KI_8:32!9|MId=o110080320091|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 17-18 לָתֵ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_8:32!10|MId=o110080320101|Strong=3807a 18 תֵ֥ת נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 advcl _ Gloss=requite|Ref=1KI_8:32!10|MId=o110080320102|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110080280071;A1:110080320111;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-20 דַּרְכּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 דַּרְכּ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=conduct|Ref=1KI_8:32!11|MId=o110080320111|Strong=1870 20 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_8:32!11|MId=o110080320112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21-23 בְּרֹאשׁ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_8:32!12|MId=o110080320121|Strong=0871a 22 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=1KI_8:32!12|MId=o110080320122|Strong=7218 23 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=head|Ref=1KI_8:32!12|MId=o110080320123|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24-26 וּלְהַצְדִּ֣יק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_8:32!13|MId=o110080320131|Strong=2050b 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_8:32!13|MId=o110080320132|Strong=3807a 26 הַצְדִּ֣יק צָדֵק VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 15 conj _ Gloss=declare.righteous|Ref=1KI_8:32!13|MId=o110080320133|Strong=6663|Frame=AA:110080280071;A0:110080320141;|Type=infinitive_construct 27 צַדִּ֔יק צַדִּיק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=a.righteous.[person]|Ref=1KI_8:32!14|MId=o110080320141|Strong=6662|Type=adjective 28-29 לָ֥תֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לָ֥ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_8:32!15|MId=o110080320151|Strong=3807a 29 תֶת נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 26 advcl _ Gloss=give|Ref=1KI_8:32!15|MId=o110080320152|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110080280071;|Type=infinitive_construct 30-31 ל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_8:32!16|MId=o110080320161|Strong=3807a 31 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_8:32!16|MId=o110080320162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32-34 כְּצִדְקָתֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=1KI_8:32!17|MId=o110080320171|Strong=3509a 33 צִדְקָת צְדָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_8:32!17|MId=o110080320172|Strong=6666 34 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.righteousness|Ref=1KI_8:32!17|MId=o110080320173|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1KI_8:32!17|SpaceAfter=No 36 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1KI_8:32!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּשְׁמַע *you will hear* | yiqtol · qal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | | עָשִׂיתָ *you will act* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | שָׁפַטְתָּ *you will judge* | weqatal · qal | | עֲבָדֶי *servants* | | | | הַרְשִׁיעַ *condemn as guilty* | infinitive construct · hiphil | רָשָׁע *a guilty \[person\]* | | | | | תֵת *requite* | infinitive construct · qal | | דַּרְכּ *conduct* | | | | הַצְדִּיק *declare righteous* | infinitive construct · hiphil | צַדִּיק *a righteous \[person\]* | | | | | תֶת *give* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַתְּ תְּקַבֵּל מִן שְׁמַיָא וְתַעְבֵּיד וּתְדִין יַת עַבְדָךְ לְחַיָבָא חַיָבָא לְמִתַּן אוֹרְחֵיהּ בְּרֵישֵׁיהּ וּלְזַכָּאָה זַכָּאָה לְמִתַּן לֵיהּ כִּזְכוּתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [then hear Thou in heaven, and do, and judge Thy servants, condemning the wicked, to bring his way upon his own head; and justifying the righteous, to give him according to his righteousness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.314/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:299`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 8:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.31/) - next →: [1 Kings 8:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.33/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/8/)