--- title: 1 Kings 9:16 — Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it wit… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it for a portion unto his daughter, Solomon's wife. Who acts: Pharaoh king, Canaanites. 1 Kings 9:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.9.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/9/) / 9:16 # 1 Kings 9:16 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Pharaoh king, Canaanites · **What happens:** go up, take, burnt, slain, dwell, give · **To what, where:** Gezer, house, Canaanites, city This is 1 Kings 9:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Pharaoh king, Canaanites — and what happens in the verse to Gezer, house, Canaanites, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. פַּרְעֹ֨ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֜יִם עָלָ֗ה וַיִּלְכֹּ֤ד אֶת־גֶּ֙זֶר֙ וַיִּשְׂרְפָ֣הּ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְאֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֛י הַיֹּשֵׁ֥ב בָּעִ֖יר הָרָ֑ג וַֽיִּתְּנָהּ֙ שִׁלֻּחִ֔ים לְבִתּ֖וֹ אֵ֥שֶׁת שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃ [Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it for a portion unto his daughter, Solomon's wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.365/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:349 # text = פַּרְעֹ֨ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֜יִם עָלָ֗ה וַיִּלְכֹּ֤ד אֶת־גֶּ֙זֶר֙ וַיִּשְׂרְפָ֣הּ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְאֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֛י הַיֹּשֵׁ֥ב בָּעִ֖יר הָרָ֑ג וַֽיִּתְּנָהּ֙ שִׁלֻּחִ֔ים לְבִתּ֖וֹ אֵ֥שֶׁת שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃ # verse = 1KI.9.16 1 פַּרְעֹ֨ה פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Pharaoh|Ref=1KI_9:16!1|MId=o110090160011|Strong=6547 2 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1KI_9:16!2|MId=o110090160021|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 3 מִצְרַ֜יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=1KI_9:16!3|MId=o110090160031|Strong=4714 4 עָלָ֗ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.had.gone.up|Ref=1KI_9:16!4|MId=o110090160041|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:110090160011;|Type=qatal 5-6 וַיִּלְכֹּ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_9:16!5|MId=o110090160051|Strong=2050b 6 יִּלְכֹּ֤ד לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.had.captured|Ref=1KI_9:16!5|MId=o110090160052|Strong=3920|Frame=A0:110090160011;A1:110090160071;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_9:16!6|MId=o110090160061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8 גֶּ֙זֶר֙ גֶּזֶר PROPN _ _ 6 obj _ Gloss=Gezer|Ref=1KI_9:16!7|MId=o110090160071|Strong=1507 9-11 וַיִּשְׂרְפָ֣הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_9:16!8|MId=o110090160081|Strong=2050b 10 יִּשְׂרְפ שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_9:16!8|MId=o110090160082|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:110090160011;A1:110090160083;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 ָ֣הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=had.burned.it|Ref=1KI_9:16!8|MId=o110090160083|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 12-14 בָּאֵ֔שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1KI_9:16!9|MId=o110090160091|Strong=0871a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_9:16!9|MId=o110090160091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 אֵ֔שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=1KI_9:16!9|MId=o110090160092|Strong=0784 15-16 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_9:16!10|MId=o110090160101|Strong=2050b 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_9:16!10|MId=o110090160102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 17-18 הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_9:16!11|MId=o110090160111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 כְּנַעֲנִ֛י כְּנַעֲנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=Canaanite[s]|Ref=1KI_9:16!11|MId=o110090160112|Strong=3669|Type=gentilic 19-20 הַיֹּשֵׁ֥ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=1KI_9:16!12|MId=o110090160121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 יֹּשֵׁ֥ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=was].dwelling|Ref=1KI_9:16!12|MId=o110090160122|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:110090160112;|Type=participle_active 21-23 בָּעִ֖יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_9:16!13|MId=o110090160131|Strong=0871a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_9:16!13|MId=o110090160131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 עִ֖יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=1KI_9:16!13|MId=o110090160132|Strong=5892 24 הָרָ֑ג הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.had.killed|Ref=1KI_9:16!14|MId=o110090160141|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:110090160011;A1:110090160112;|Type=qatal 25-27 וַֽיִּתְּנָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_9:16!15|MId=o110090160151|Strong=2050b 26 יִּתְּנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_9:16!15|MId=o110090160152|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110090160011;A1:110090160153;|Type=wayyiqtol 27 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=had.given.it|Ref=1KI_9:16!15|MId=o110090160153|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 28 שִׁלֻּחִ֔ים שִׁלּוּחִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 xcomp _ Gloss=dowri(es)|Ref=1KI_9:16!16|MId=o110090160161|Strong=7964 29-31 לְבִתּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_9:16!17|MId=o110090160171|Strong=3807a 30 בִתּ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=daughter|Ref=1KI_9:16!17|MId=o110090160172|Strong=1323 31 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_9:16!17|MId=o110090160173|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32 אֵ֥שֶׁת אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 appos _ Gloss=the.wife|Ref=1KI_9:16!18|MId=o110090160181|Strong=0802 33 שְׁלֹמֹֽה שְׁלֹמֹה PROPN _ _ 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Solomon|Ref=1KI_9:16!19|MId=o110090160191|Strong=8010|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1KI_9:16!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלָה *he had gone up* | qatal · qal | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | | | | | יִּלְכֹּד *he had captured* | wayyiqtol · qal | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | גֶּזֶר *Gezer* | | | | יִּשְׂרְפ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | ָהּ *had burned it* | | | | יֹּשֵׁב *was\] dwelling* | participle active · qal | כְּנַעֲנִי *Canaanite\[s\]* | | | | | הָרָג *he had killed* | qatal · qal | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | כְּנַעֲנִי *Canaanite\[s\]* | | | | יִּתְּנ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | ָהּ *had given it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} פַּרְעֹה מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם סְלִיק וּכְבַשׁ יַת גֶזֶר וְאוֹקְדָהּ בְּנוּרָא וְיַת כְּנַעֲנָאָה דְיָתֵיב בְּקַרְתָּא קְטַל וִיהֲבָהּ מַתְנָן לִבְרַתֵּיהּ אִתַּת שְׁלֹמֹה: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it for a portion unto his daughter, Solomon's wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.365/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:349`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 9:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.9.15/) - next →: [1 Kings 9:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.9.17/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/9/)