--- title: 1 Kings 9:23 — These were the chief officers that were over Solomon's work, five hu… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: These were the chief officers that were over Solomon's work, five hundred and fifty, who bore rule over the people that wrought in the work. Who acts: These, chief officers, people. 1 Kings 9:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.9.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/9/) / 9:23 # 1 Kings 9:23 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** These, chief officers, people · **What happens:** be, bear, wrought · **To what, where:** chief officers, work, rule This is 1 Kings 9:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These, chief officers, people — and what happens in the verse to chief officers, work, rule, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ שָׂרֵ֣י הַנִּצָּבִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר עַל־הַמְּלָאכָה֙ לִשְׁלֹמֹ֔ה חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וַחֲמֵ֣שׁ מֵא֑וֹת הָרֹדִ֣ים בָּעָ֔ם הָעֹשִׂ֖ים בַּמְּלָאכָֽה׃ [These were the chief officers that were over Solomon's work, five hundred and fifty, who bore rule over the people that wrought in the work.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.372/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:356 # text = אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ שָׂרֵ֣י הַנִּצָּבִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר עַל־הַמְּלָאכָה֙ לִשְׁלֹמֹ֔ה חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וַחֲמֵ֣שׁ מֵא֑וֹת הָרֹדִ֣ים בָּעָ֔ם הָעֹשִׂ֖ים בַּמְּלָאכָֽה׃ # verse = 1KI.9.23 1 אֵ֣לֶּה אֵלֶּה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 0 root _ Gloss=these|Ref=1KI_9:23!1|MId=o110090230011|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=1KI_9:23!1 3 שָׂרֵ֣י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ Gloss=[were].the.leaders|Ref=1KI_9:23!2|MId=o110090230021|Strong=8269 4-5 הַנִּצָּבִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_9:23!3|MId=o110090230031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 נִּצָּבִ֗ים נָצַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.overseers|Ref=1KI_9:23!3|MId=o110090230032|Strong=5324|Type=participle_active 6 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=1KI_9:23!4|MId=o110090230041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=[were].over|Ref=1KI_9:23!5|MId=o110090230051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הַמְּלָאכָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_9:23!6|MId=o110090230061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מְּלָאכָה֙ מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 acl:relcl _ Gloss=work|Ref=1KI_9:23!6|MId=o110090230062|Strong=4399 10-11 לִשְׁלֹמֹ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_9:23!7|MId=o110090230071|Strong=3807a 11 שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה שְׁלֹמֹה PROPN _ _ 9 nmod _ Gloss=Solomon|Ref=1KI_9:23!7|MId=o110090230072|Strong=8010 12 חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 17 nummod _ Gloss=fifty|Ref=1KI_9:23!8|MId=o110090230081|Strong=2572|Type=cardinal_number 13-14 וַחֲמֵ֣שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_9:23!9|MId=o110090230091|Strong=2050b 14 חֲמֵ֣שׁ חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 flat _ Gloss=five|Ref=1KI_9:23!9|MId=o110090230092|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 15 מֵא֑וֹת מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Plur 14 flat _ Gloss=hundred(s)|Ref=1KI_9:23!10|MId=o110090230101|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 16-17 הָרֹדִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=1KI_9:23!11|MId=o110090230111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 רֹדִ֣ים רָדָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 1 parataxis _ Gloss=ruled|Ref=1KI_9:23!11|MId=o110090230112|Strong=7287|Frame=A0:110090230021;|Type=participle_active 18-20 בָּעָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=1KI_9:23!12|MId=o110090230121|Strong=0871a 19 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_9:23!12|MId=o110090230121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 עָ֔ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=1KI_9:23!12|MId=o110090230122|Strong=5971 21-22 הָעֹשִׂ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=1KI_9:23!13|MId=o110090230131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 עֹשִׂ֖ים עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=were].doing|Ref=1KI_9:23!13|MId=o110090230132|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110090230123;|Type=participle_active 23-25 בַּמְּלָאכָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=1KI_9:23!14|MId=o110090230141|Strong=0871a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_9:23!14|MId=o110090230141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 מְּלָאכָֽה מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=work|Ref=1KI_9:23!14|MId=o110090230142|Strong=4399 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=1KI_9:23!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רֹדִים *ruled* | participle active · qal | שָׂרֵי *\[were\] the leaders* | | | | | עֹשִׂים *were\] doing* | participle active · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אִילֵין רַבָּנֵי אִסְטַרְטִיגַיָא דִי מְמַנָן עַל עֲבִדְתָּא דִשְׁלֹמֹה חֲמֵשׁ מְאָה וְחַמְשִׁין דִי מְפַלְחִין בְּעַמָא דְעָבְדִין בְּעִבִדְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [These were the chief officers that were over Solomon's work, five hundred and fifty, who bore rule over the people that wrought in the work.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.372/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:356`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 9:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.9.22/) - next →: [1 Kings 9:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.9.24/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/9/)