--- title: 1 Samuel 1:19 — And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LOR… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah; and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her. Who acts: Eli, Elkanah, LORD. 1 Samuel 1:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/1/) / 1:19 # 1 Samuel 1:19 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Eli, Elkanah, LORD · **What happens:** rise up, worship, return, come, know, remember · **To what, where:** Ramah, house, Hannah This is 1 Samuel 1:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Eli, Elkanah, LORD — and what happens in the verse to Ramah, house, Hannah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־בֵּיתָ֖ם הָרָמָ֑תָה וַיֵּ֤דַע אֶלְקָנָה֙ אֶת־חַנָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַיִּֽזְכְּרֶ֖הָ יְהוָֽה׃ [And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah; and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.19/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:18 # text = וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־בֵּיתָ֖ם הָרָמָ֑תָה וַיֵּ֤דַע אֶלְקָנָה֙ אֶת־חַנָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַיִּֽזְכְּרֶ֖הָ יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = 1SA.1.19 1-2 וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:19!1|MId=o090010190011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ שָׁכַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.rose.early|Ref=1SA_1:19!1|MId=o090010190012|Strong=7925|Frame=A0:090010080031;090010040062;090010040091;090010040102;090010180072;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַבֹּ֗קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_1:19!2|MId=o090010190021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_1:19!2|MId=o090010190021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 בֹּ֗קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=morning|Ref=1SA_1:19!2|MId=o090010190022|Strong=1242 6-7 וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:19!3|MId=o090010190031|Strong=2050b 7 יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.bowed.down|Ref=1SA_1:19!3|MId=o090010190032|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:090010080031;090010040062;090010040091;090010040102;090010180072;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-9 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_1:19!4|MId=o090010190041|Strong=3807a 9 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_1:19!4|MId=o090010190042|Strong=6440 10 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_1:19!5|MId=o090010190051|Strong=3068 11-12 וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:19!6|MId=o090010190061|Strong=2050b 12 יָּשֻׁ֛בוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.returned|Ref=1SA_1:19!6|MId=o090010190062|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:090010080031;090010040062;090010040091;090010040102;090010180072;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:19!7|MId=o090010190071|Strong=2050b 14 יָּבֹ֥אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=1SA_1:19!7|MId=o090010190072|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090010080031;090010040062;090010040091;090010040102;090010180072;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_1:19!8|MId=o090010190081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 בֵּיתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בֵּית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=house|Ref=1SA_1:19!9|MId=o090010190091|Strong=1004 17 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_1:19!9|MId=o090010190092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 18-20 הָרָמָ֑תָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_1:19!10|MId=o090010190101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 רָמָ֑ת רָמָה PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_1:19!10|MId=o090010190102|Strong=7414 20 ָה ה X _ _ 19 nmod _ Gloss=Ramah|Ref=1SA_1:19!10|MId=o090010190103|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 21-22 וַיֵּ֤דַע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:19!11|MId=o090010190111|Strong=2050b 22 יֵּ֤דַע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.knew|Ref=1SA_1:19!11|MId=o090010190112|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090010190121;A1:090010190141;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 אֶלְקָנָה֙ אֶלְקָנָה PROPN _ _ 22 nsubj _ Gloss=Elkanah|Ref=1SA_1:19!12|MId=o090010190121|Strong=0511 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_1:19!13|MId=o090010190131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 25 חַנָּ֣ה חַנָּה PROPN _ _ 22 obj _ Gloss=Hannah|Ref=1SA_1:19!14|MId=o090010190141|Strong=2584 26-27 אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אִשְׁתּ אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 appos _ Gloss=wife|Ref=1SA_1:19!15|MId=o090010190151|Strong=0802 27 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_1:19!15|MId=o090010190152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28-30 וַיִּֽזְכְּרֶ֖הָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:19!16|MId=o090010190161|Strong=2050b 29 יִּֽזְכְּר זָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_1:19!16|MId=o090010190162|Strong=2142|Frame=A1:090010190163;A0:090010190171;|Type=wayyiqtol 30 ֶ֖הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ Gloss=remembered.her|Ref=1SA_1:19!16|MId=o090010190163|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 31 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 29 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_1:19!17|MId=o090010190171|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1SA_1:19!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּשְׁכִּמוּ *they rose early* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ *they bowed down* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | | | | | | יָּשֻׁבוּ *they returned* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָּבֹאוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֵּדַע *he knew* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֶלְקָנָה *Elkanah* | חַנָּה *Hannah* | | | | יִּֽזְכְּר *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָֽה *Yahweh* | ֶהָ *remembered her* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַקְדִימוּ בְצַפְרָא וּסְגִידוּ קֳדָם יְיָ וְתָבוּ וְאָתוֹ לְבֵיתְהוֹן לְרָמָתָא וִידַע אֶלְקָנָה יַת חַנָה אִתְּתֵיהּ וְעַל דָכְרָנָהּ קֳדָם יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah; and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.19/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:18`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 1:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.18/) - next →: [1 Samuel 1:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.20/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/1/)