--- title: 1 Samuel 1:23 — And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish His word.' So the woman tarried and gave her son suck, until she weaned him. Who acts: Elkanah, thou, LORD, woman. 1 Samuel 1:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jon --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/1/) / 1:23 # 1 Samuel 1:23 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Elkanah, thou, LORD, woman · **What happens:** say, do, seem, tarry, wean, establish · **To what, where:** thee, Elkanah, word, suck, son, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 1:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Elkanah, thou, LORD, woman — and what happens in the verse to thee, Elkanah, word, suck, son, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהּ֩ אֶלְקָנָ֨ה אִישָׁ֜הּ עֲשִׂ֧י הַטּ֣וֹב בְּעֵינַ֗יִךְ שְׁבִי֙ עַד־גָּמְלֵ֣ךְ אֹת֔וֹ אַ֛ךְ יָקֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־דְּבָר֑וֹ וַתֵּ֤שֶׁב הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ וַתֵּ֣ינֶק אֶת־בְּנָ֔הּ עַד־גָּמְלָ֖הּ אֹתֽוֹ׃ [And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish His word.' So the woman tarried and gave her son suck, until she weaned him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.23/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:22 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהּ֩ אֶלְקָנָ֨ה אִישָׁ֜הּ עֲשִׂ֧י הַטּ֣וֹב בְּעֵינַ֗יִךְ שְׁבִי֙ עַד־גָּמְלֵ֣ךְ אֹת֔וֹ אַ֛ךְ יָקֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־דְּבָר֑וֹ וַתֵּ֤שֶׁב הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ וַתֵּ֣ינֶק אֶת־בְּנָ֔הּ עַד־גָּמְלָ֖הּ אֹתֽוֹ׃ # verse = 1SA.1.23 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:23!1|MId=o090010230011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_1:23!1|MId=o090010230012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090010230031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לָהּ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_1:23!2|MId=o090010230021|Strong=3807a 4 ָהּ֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=1SA_1:23!2|MId=o090010230022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5 אֶלְקָנָ֨ה אֶלְקָנָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Elkanah|Ref=1SA_1:23!3|MId=o090010230031|Strong=0511 6-7 אִישָׁ֜הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אִישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=husband|Ref=1SA_1:23!4|MId=o090010230041|Strong=0376 7 ָ֜הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=1SA_1:23!4|MId=o090010230042|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 8 עֲשִׂ֧י עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=do|Ref=1SA_1:23!5|MId=o090010230051|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090010220012;A1:090010230062;|Type=imperative 9-10 הַטּ֣וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_1:23!6|MId=o090010230061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 טּ֣וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=good|Ref=1SA_1:23!6|MId=o090010230062|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 11-13 בְּעֵינַ֗יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_1:23!7|MId=o090010230071|Strong=0871a 12 עֵינַ֗י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 10 nmod _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=1SA_1:23!7|MId=o090010230072|Strong=5869 13 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_1:23!7|MId=o090010230073|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 14 שְׁבִי֙ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 8 parataxis _ Gloss=remain|Ref=1SA_1:23!8|MId=o090010230081|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:090010220012;|Type=imperative 15 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=1SA_1:23!9|MId=o090010230091|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 גָּמְלֵ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 גָּמְל גָּמַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 advcl _ Gloss=wean|Ref=1SA_1:23!10|MId=o090010230101|Strong=1580|Frame=A0:090010230102;A1:090010230112;|Type=infinitive_construct 17 ֵ֣ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_1:23!10|MId=o090010230102|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 18-19 אֹת֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_1:23!11|MId=o090010230111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 19 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_1:23!11|MId=o090010230112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20 אַ֛ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=1SA_1:23!12|MId=o090010230121|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 21 יָקֵ֥ם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 parataxis _ Gloss=may.he.carry.out|Ref=1SA_1:23!13|MId=o090010230131|Strong=6965|Frame=AA:090010230141;A0:090010230161;|Type=jussive 22 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 21 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_1:23!14|MId=o090010230141|Strong=3068 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_1:23!15|MId=o090010230151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 דְּבָר֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 דְּבָר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=word|Ref=1SA_1:23!16|MId=o090010230161|Strong=1697 25 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_1:23!16|MId=o090010230162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26-27 וַתֵּ֤שֶׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:23!17|MId=o090010230171|Strong=2050b 27 תֵּ֤שֶׁב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.remained|Ref=1SA_1:23!17|MId=o090010230172|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:090010230182;|Type=wayyiqtol 28-29 הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_1:23!18|MId=o090010230181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אִשָּׁה֙ אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=woman|Ref=1SA_1:23!18|MId=o090010230182|Strong=0802 30-31 וַתֵּ֣ינֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_1:23!19|MId=o090010230191|Strong=2050b 31 תֵּ֣ינֶק יָנַק VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.nursed|Ref=1SA_1:23!19|MId=o090010230192|Strong=3243|Frame=AA:090010230182;A0:090010230211;|Type=wayyiqtol 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_1:23!20|MId=o090010230201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 בְּנָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=son|Ref=1SA_1:23!21|MId=o090010230211|Strong=1121 34 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=1SA_1:23!21|MId=o090010230212|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 35 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=1SA_1:23!22|MId=o090010230221|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 36-37 גָּמְלָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 גָּמְל גָּמַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 31 advcl _ Gloss=she|Ref=1SA_1:23!23|MId=o090010230231|Strong=1580|Frame=A0:090010230232;A1:090010230242;|Type=infinitive_construct 37 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ Gloss=had.weaned|Ref=1SA_1:23!23|MId=o090010230232|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 38-39 אֹתֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_1:23!24|MId=o090010230241|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 39 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_1:23!24|MId=o090010230242|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=1SA_1:23!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֶלְקָנָה *Elkanah* | | | | | עֲשִׂי *do* | imperative · qal | | טּוֹב *good* | | | | שְׁבִי *remain* | imperative · qal | | | | | | גָּמְל *wean* | infinitive construct · qal | ֵךְ *you* | וֹ *him* | | | | יָקֵם *may he carry out* | jussive · hiphil | דְּבָר *word* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | תֵּשֶׁב *she remained* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | | תֵּינֶק *she nursed* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | בְּנ *son* | | | אִשָּׁה *woman* | | גָּמְל *she* | infinitive construct · qal | ָהּ *had weaned* | ֽוֹ *him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לָהּ אֶלְקָנָה בַעֲלָהּ עֶבִידִי כִּדְתַקִין בְּעֵינַיְכִי אוֹרִיכִי עַד דְתַחְסְלִין יָתֵיהּ בְּרַם יְקַיֵם יְיָ יַת פִּתְגָמוֹהִי וְאוֹרִיכַת אִתְּתָא וְאוֹנִיקַת יַת בְּרָהּ עַד דַחֲסִילַת יָתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish His word.' So the woman tarried and gave her son suck, until she weaned him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.23/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:22`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 1:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.22/) - next →: [1 Samuel 1:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.24/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/1/)