--- title: 1 Samuel 11:3 — And the elders of Jabesh said unto him: 'Give us seven days' respite… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the elders of Jabesh said unto him: 'Give us seven days' respite, that we may send messengers unto all the borders of Israel; and then, if there be none to deliver us, we will come out to thee.' Who acts: elders, we, none, seven days. 1 Samuel 11:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jona --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.11.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/11/) / 11:3 # 1 Samuel 11:3 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** elders, we, none, seven days · **What happens:** say, give, send, be, deliver, come out · **To what, where:** respite, us, messengers · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 11:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — elders, we, none, seven days — and what happens in the verse to respite, us, messengers, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֵלָ֜יו זִקְנֵ֣י יָבֵ֗ישׁ הֶ֤רֶף לָ֙נוּ֙ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים וְנִשְׁלְחָה֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים בְּכֹ֖ל גְּב֣וּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְאִם־אֵ֥ין מוֹשִׁ֛יעַ אֹתָ֖נוּ וְיָצָ֥אנוּ אֵלֶֽיךָ׃ [And the elders of Jabesh said unto him: 'Give us seven days' respite, that we may send messengers unto all the borders of Israel; and then, if there be none to deliver us, we will come out to thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.262/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:235 # text = וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֵלָ֜יו זִקְנֵ֣י יָבֵ֗ישׁ הֶ֤רֶף לָ֙נוּ֙ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים וְנִשְׁלְחָה֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים בְּכֹ֖ל גְּב֣וּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְאִם־אֵ֥ין מוֹשִׁ֛יעַ אֹתָ֖נוּ וְיָצָ֥אנוּ אֵלֶֽיךָ׃ # verse = 1SA.11.3 1-2 וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_11:3!1|MId=o090110030011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמְר֨וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=1SA_11:3!1|MId=o090110030012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090110030031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלָ֜י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_11:3!2|MId=o090110030021|Strong=0413 4 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_11:3!2|MId=o090110030022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 זִקְנֵ֣י זָקֵן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.elders|Ref=1SA_11:3!3|MId=o090110030031|Strong=2205|Type=adjective 6 יָבֵ֗ישׁ יָבֵישׁ PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jabesh|Ref=1SA_11:3!4|MId=o090110030041|Strong=3003a 7 הֶ֤רֶף רָפָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=refrain|Ref=1SA_11:3!5|MId=o090110030051|Strong=7503|Frame=A0:090110020031;|Type=imperative 8-9 לָ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 ל לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_11:3!6|MId=o090110030061|Strong=3807a 9 ָ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=1SA_11:3!6|MId=o090110030062|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 10 שִׁבְעַ֣ת שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=1SA_11:3!7|MId=o090110030071|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 11 יָמִ֔ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=1SA_11:3!8|MId=o090110030081|Strong=3117 12-13 וְנִשְׁלְחָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=1SA_11:3!9|MId=o090110030091|Strong=2050b 13 נִשְׁלְחָה֙ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 7 conj _ Gloss=that.we.may.send|Ref=1SA_11:3!9|MId=o090110030092|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:090110030031;090110030041;A1:090110030101;|Type=cohortative 14 מַלְאָכִ֔ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=1SA_11:3!10|MId=o090110030101|Strong=4397 15-16 בְּכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_11:3!11|MId=o090110030111|Strong=0871a 16 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_11:3!11|MId=o090110030112|Strong=3605 17 גְּב֣וּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.territory|Ref=1SA_11:3!12|MId=o090110030121|Strong=1366 18 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1SA_11:3!13|MId=o090110030131|Strong=3478 19-20 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_11:3!14|MId=o090110030141|Strong=2050b 20 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_11:3!14|MId=o090110030142|Strong=0518 21 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 26 advcl _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=1SA_11:3!15|MId=o090110030151|Strong=0369|Type=negative 22 מוֹשִׁ֛יעַ יָשַׁע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=[one.who].delivers|Ref=1SA_11:3!16|MId=o090110030161|Strong=3467|Frame=A1:090110030172;|Type=participle_active 23-24 אֹתָ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_11:3!17|MId=o090110030171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24 ָ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=us|Ref=1SA_11:3!17|MId=o090110030172|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 25-26 וְיָצָ֥אנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_11:3!18|MId=o090110030181|Strong=2050b 26 יָצָ֥אנוּ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 7 conj _ Gloss=we.will.come.out|Ref=1SA_11:3!18|MId=o090110030182|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:090110030031;090110030041;|Type=weqatal 27-28 אֵלֶֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אֵלֶֽי אֶל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_11:3!19|MId=o090110030191|Strong=0413 28 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_11:3!19|MId=o090110030192|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=1SA_11:3!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* | | | | | הֶרֶף *refrain* | imperative · hiphil | | | | | | נִשְׁלְחָה *that we may send* | cohortative · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* + יָבֵישׁ *of Jabesh* | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | מוֹשִׁיעַ *\[one who\] delivers* | participle active · hiphil | | ָנוּ *us* | | | | **not** יָצָאנוּ *we will come out* | weqatal · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* + יָבֵישׁ *of Jabesh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ סָבֵי יָבֵשׁ אוֹרִיךְ לָנָא שַׁבְעָא יוֹמִין וְנִשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין בְּכָל תְּחוּם יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאִם לֵית דְפָרִיק יָתָנָא וְנִפּוֹק לְוָתָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the elders of Jabesh said unto him: 'Give us seven days' respite, that we may send messengers unto all the borders of Israel; and then, if there be none to deliver us, we will come out to thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.262/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:235`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 11:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.11.2/) - next →: [1 Samuel 11:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.11.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/11/)