--- title: 1 Samuel 12:20 — And Samuel said unto the people: 'Fear not; ye have indeed done all… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Samuel said unto the people: 'Fear not; ye have indeed done all this evil; yet turn not aside from following the LORD, but serve the LORD with all your heart; Who acts: Samuel, ye. 1 Samuel 12:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/12/) / 12:20 # 1 Samuel 12:20 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Samuel, ye · **What happens:** say, not fear, do, not turn, follow, serve · **To what, where:** evil, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 12:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Samuel, ye — and what happens in the verse to evil, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֤ל אֶל־הָעָם֙ אַל־תִּירָ֔אוּ אַתֶּ֣ם עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את אַ֗ךְ אַל־תָּס֙וּרוּ֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַעֲבַדְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶֽם׃ [And Samuel said unto the people: 'Fear not; ye have indeed done all this evil; yet turn not aside from following the LORD, but serve the LORD with all your heart;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.295/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:267 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֤ל אֶל־הָעָם֙ אַל־תִּירָ֔אוּ אַתֶּ֣ם עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את אַ֗ךְ אַל־תָּס֙וּרוּ֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַעֲבַדְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶֽם׃ # verse = 1SA.12.20 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_12:20!1|MId=o090120200011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_12:20!1|MId=o090120200012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שְׁמוּאֵ֤ל שְׁמוּאֵל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Samuel|Ref=1SA_12:20!2|MId=o090120200021|Strong=8050 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_12:20!3|MId=o090120200031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הָעָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_12:20!4|MId=o090120200041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 עָם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=1SA_12:20!4|MId=o090120200042|Strong=5971 7 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=1SA_12:20!5|MId=o090120200051|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 8 תִּירָ֔אוּ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=be.afraid|Ref=1SA_12:20!6|MId=o090120200061|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:090120200042;|Type=jussive 9 אַתֶּ֣ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_12:20!7|MId=o090120200071|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 10 עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 parataxis _ Gloss=you.have.done|Ref=1SA_12:20!8|MId=o090120200081|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090120200071;A1:090120200112;|Type=qatal 11 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_12:20!9|MId=o090120200091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_12:20!10|MId=o090120200101|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הָרָעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_12:20!11|MId=o090120200111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 רָעָ֖ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=evil|Ref=1SA_12:20!11|MId=o090120200112|Strong=7451b 15-16 הַזֹּ֑את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_12:20!12|MId=o090120200121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 זֹּ֑את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 14 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_12:20!12|MId=o090120200122|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 17 אַ֗ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=nevertheless|Ref=1SA_12:20!13|MId=o090120200131|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 18 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=1SA_12:20!14|MId=o090120200141|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 19 תָּס֙וּרוּ֙ סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 parataxis _ Gloss=turn.aside|Ref=1SA_12:20!15|MId=o090120200151|Strong=5493|Frame=A0:090120200042;|Type=jussive 20-21 מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_12:20!16|MId=o090120200161|Strong=4480 21 אַחֲרֵ֣י אַחַר ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=1SA_12:20!16|MId=o090120200162|Strong=0310 22 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_12:20!17|MId=o090120200171|Strong=3068 23-24 וַעֲבַדְתֶּ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_12:20!18|MId=o090120200181|Strong=2050b 24 עֲבַדְתֶּ֥ם עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 conj _ Gloss=you.will.serve|Ref=1SA_12:20!18|MId=o090120200182|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:090120200042;A1:090120200201;|Type=weqatal 25 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_12:20!19|MId=o090120200191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 26 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 24 obj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_12:20!20|MId=o090120200201|Strong=3068 27-28 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_12:20!21|MId=o090120200211|Strong=0871a 28 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_12:20!21|MId=o090120200212|Strong=3605 29-30 לְבַבְכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְבַב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=heart|Ref=1SA_12:20!22|MId=o090120200221|Strong=3824 30 ְכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_12:20!22|MId=o090120200222|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=1SA_12:20!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | שְׁמוּאֵל *Samuel* | | | | | **not** תִּירָאוּ *be afraid* | jussive · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | עֲשִׂיתֶם *you have done* | qatal · qal | אַתֶּם *you* | רָעָה *evil* | | | | **not** תָּסוּרוּ *turn aside* | jussive · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | עֲבַדְתֶּם *you will serve* | weqatal · qal | עָם *people* | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר שְׁמוּאֵל לְעַמָא לָא תִדְחֲלוּן אַתּוּן גְרַמְתּוּן יַת כָּל בִּישְׁתָּא הָדָא בְּרַם לָא תִסְטוּן מִבָּתַר פּוּלְחָנָא דַייָ וְתִפְלְחוּן קֳדָם יְיָ בְּכָל לִבְּכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Samuel said unto the people: 'Fear not; ye have indeed done all this evil; yet turn not aside from following the LORD, but serve the LORD with all your heart;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.295/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:267`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 12:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.19/) - next →: [1 Samuel 12:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.21/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/12/)