--- title: 1 Samuel 12:9 — But they forgot the LORD their God, and He gave them over into the h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But they forgot the LORD their God, and He gave them over into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them. Who acts: fathers, LORD. 1 Samuel 12:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targu --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/12/) / 12:9 # 1 Samuel 12:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** fathers, LORD · **What happens:** forget, give over, fight · **To what, where:** LORD, fathers, hand This is 1 Samuel 12:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fathers, LORD — and what happens in the verse to LORD, fathers, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיִּשְׁכְּח֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּמְכֹּ֣ר אֹתָ֡ם בְּיַ֣ד סִֽיסְרָא֩ שַׂר־צְבָ֨א חָצ֜וֹר וּבְיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וּבְיַד֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֔ב וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ בָּֽם׃ [But they forgot the LORD their God, and He gave them over into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.283/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:256 # text = וַֽיִּשְׁכְּח֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּמְכֹּ֣ר אֹתָ֡ם בְּיַ֣ד סִֽיסְרָא֩ שַׂר־צְבָ֨א חָצ֜וֹר וּבְיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וּבְיַד֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֔ב וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ בָּֽם׃ # verse = 1SA.12.9 1-2 וַֽיִּשְׁכְּח֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_12:9!1|MId=o090120090011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁכְּח֖וּ שָׁכַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.forgot|Ref=1SA_12:9!1|MId=o090120090012|Strong=7911|Frame=A0:090120080171;A1:090120090031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_12:9!2|MId=o090120090021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_12:9!3|MId=o090120090031|Strong=3068 5-6 אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_12:9!4|MId=o090120090041|Strong=0430 6 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_12:9!4|MId=o090120090042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7-8 וַיִּמְכֹּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_12:9!5|MId=o090120090051|Strong=2050b 8 יִּמְכֹּ֣ר מָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.sold|Ref=1SA_12:9!5|MId=o090120090052|Strong=4376|Frame=A0:090120090031;A1:090120090062;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 אֹתָ֡ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_12:9!6|MId=o090120090061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 10 ָ֡ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=1SA_12:9!6|MId=o090120090062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 11-12 בְּיַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_12:9!7|MId=o090120090071|Strong=0871a 12 יַ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=1SA_12:9!7|MId=o090120090072|Strong=3027 13 סִֽיסְרָא֩ סִיסְרָא PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Sisera|Ref=1SA_12:9!8|MId=o090120090081|Strong=5516 14 שַׂר־ שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=the.commander|Ref=1SA_12:9!9|MId=o090120090091|Strong=8269|SpaceAfter=No 15 צְבָ֨א צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.army|Ref=1SA_12:9!10|MId=o090120090101|Strong=6635 16 חָצ֜וֹר חָצוֹר PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hazor|Ref=1SA_12:9!11|MId=o090120090111|Strong=2674 17-19 וּבְיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_12:9!12|MId=o090120090121|Strong=2050b 18 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_12:9!12|MId=o090120090122|Strong=0871a 19 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=1SA_12:9!12|MId=o090120090123|Strong=3027 20 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_12:9!13|MId=o090120090131|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 21-23 וּבְיַד֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_12:9!14|MId=o090120090141|Strong=2050b 22 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_12:9!14|MId=o090120090142|Strong=0871a 23 יַד֙ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=1SA_12:9!14|MId=o090120090143|Strong=3027 24 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.king|Ref=1SA_12:9!15|MId=o090120090151|Strong=4428 25 מוֹאָ֔ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=1SA_12:9!16|MId=o090120090161|Strong=4124 26-27 וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_12:9!17|MId=o090120090171|Strong=2050b 27 יִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.fought|Ref=1SA_12:9!17|MId=o090120090172|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:090120090081;090120090131;090120090151;|Type=wayyiqtol 28-29 בָּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=1SA_12:9!18|MId=o090120090181|Strong=0871a 29 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1SA_12:9!18|MId=o090120090182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1SA_12:9!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁכְּחוּ *they forgot* | wayyiqtol · qal | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | יִּמְכֹּר *he sold* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ָם *them* | | | | יִּֽלָּחֲמוּ *they fought* | wayyiqtol · niphal | סִֽיסְרָא *of Sisera* + פְּלִשְׁתִּים *of \[the\] Philistines* + מֶלֶךְ *of the king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִתְנְשִׁיאוּ יַת פּוּלְחָנָא דַייָ אֱלָהָהוֹן וּמְסַר יַתְהוֹן בְּיַד סִיסְרָא רַב חֵילָא דְחָצוֹר וּבִידָא דִפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי וּבִידָא מַלְכָּא דְמוֹאָב וְאַגִיחוּ קְרָבָא בְּהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But they forgot the LORD their God, and He gave them over into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.283/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:256`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 12:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.8/) - next →: [1 Samuel 12:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.10/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/12/)