--- title: 1 Samuel 13:5 — And the Philistines assembled themselves together to fight with Isra… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the Philistines assembled themselves together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots, and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the sea-shore in multitude; and they came up, and pitched in Michmas, eastward of Beth-aven. Who acts: Philistines, people. 1 Samuel 13:5 in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/13/) / 13:5 # 1 Samuel 13:5 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Philistines, people · **What happens:** assemble, fight, be, come up, pitch · **To what, where:** Philistines, sea shore, Michmas This is 1 Samuel 13:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistines, people — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, sea shore, Michmas, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים נֶאֶסְפ֣וּ ׀ לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים אֶ֤לֶף רֶ֙כֶב֙ וְשֵׁ֤שֶׁת אֲלָפִים֙ פָּרָשִׁ֔ים וְעָ֕ם כַּח֛וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־שְׂפַֽת־הַיָּ֖ם לָרֹ֑ב וַֽיַּעֲלוּ֙ וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ בְמִכְמָ֔שׂ קִדְמַ֖ת בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן׃ [And the Philistines assembled themselves together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots, and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the sea-shore in multitude; and they came up, and pitched in Michmas, eastward of Beth-aven.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.307/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:277 # text = וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים נֶאֶסְפ֣וּ ׀ לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים אֶ֤לֶף רֶ֙כֶב֙ וְשֵׁ֤שֶׁת אֲלָפִים֙ פָּרָשִׁ֔ים וְעָ֕ם כַּח֛וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־שְׂפַֽת־הַיָּ֖ם לָרֹ֑ב וַֽיַּעֲלוּ֙ וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ בְמִכְמָ֔שׂ קִדְמַ֖ת בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן׃ # verse = 1SA.13.5 1-2 וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=1SA_13:5!1|MId=o090130050011|Strong=2050b 2 פְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Philistines|Ref=1SA_13:5!1|MId=o090130050012|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 3 נֶאֶסְפ֣וּ אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.gathered|Ref=1SA_13:5!2|MId=o090130050021|Strong=0622|Frame=A1:090130050012;|Type=qatal 4 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ Ref=1SA_13:5!2 5-6 לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_13:5!3|MId=o090130050031|Strong=3807a 6 הִלָּחֵ֣ם לָחַם VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 3 advcl _ Gloss=fight|Ref=1SA_13:5!3|MId=o090130050032|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:090130050012;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_13:5!4|MId=o090130050041|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 8 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_13:5!5|MId=o090130050051|Strong=3478 9 שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 11 nummod _ Gloss=thirty|Ref=1SA_13:5!6|MId=o090130050061|Strong=7970|Type=cardinal_number 10 אֶ֤לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 9 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=1SA_13:5!7|MId=o090130050071|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 11 רֶ֙כֶב֙ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=chariot[s]|Ref=1SA_13:5!8|MId=o090130050081|Strong=7393 12-13 וְשֵׁ֤שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_13:5!9|MId=o090130050091|Strong=2050b 13 שֵׁ֤שֶׁת שֵׁשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nummod _ Gloss=six|Ref=1SA_13:5!9|MId=o090130050092|Strong=8337|Type=cardinal_number 14 אֲלָפִים֙ אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Plur 13 flat _ Gloss=thousand(s)|Ref=1SA_13:5!10|MId=o090130050101|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 15 פָּרָשִׁ֔ים פָּרָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 conj _ Gloss=horsemen|Ref=1SA_13:5!11|MId=o090130050111|Strong=6571 16-17 וְעָ֕ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_13:5!12|MId=o090130050121|Strong=2050b 17 עָ֕ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=a.people|Ref=1SA_13:5!12|MId=o090130050122|Strong=5971 18-20 כַּח֛וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=1SA_13:5!13|MId=o090130050131|Strong=3509a 19 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_13:5!13|MId=o090130050131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 ח֛וֹל חוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nmod _ Gloss=sand|Ref=1SA_13:5!13|MId=o090130050132|Strong=2344 21 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1SA_13:5!14|MId=o090130050141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=1SA_13:5!15|MId=o090130050151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 23 שְׂפַֽת־ שָׂפָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.shore|Ref=1SA_13:5!16|MId=o090130050161|Strong=8193|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הַיָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_13:5!17|MId=o090130050171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 יָּ֖ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sea|Ref=1SA_13:5!17|MId=o090130050172|Strong=3220 26-27 לָרֹ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_13:5!18|MId=o090130050181|Strong=3807a 27 רֹ֑ב רֹב NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 nmod _ Gloss=multitude|Ref=1SA_13:5!18|MId=o090130050182|Strong=7230 28-29 וַֽיַּעֲלוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_13:5!19|MId=o090130050191|Strong=2050b 29 יַּעֲלוּ֙ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.came.up|Ref=1SA_13:5!19|MId=o090130050192|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:090130050012;|Type=wayyiqtol 30-31 וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_13:5!20|MId=o090130050201|Strong=2050b 31 יַּחֲנ֣וּ חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.encamped|Ref=1SA_13:5!20|MId=o090130050202|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:090130050012;|Type=wayyiqtol 32-33 בְמִכְמָ֔שׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=1SA_13:5!21|MId=o090130050211|Strong=0871a 33 מִכְמָ֔שׂ מִכְמָשׂ PROPN _ _ 31 obl _ Gloss=Micmash|Ref=1SA_13:5!21|MId=o090130050212|Strong=4363a 34 קִדְמַ֖ת קִדְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 33 appos _ Gloss=the.east|Ref=1SA_13:5!22|MId=o090130050221|Strong=6926 35 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_13:5!23|MId=o090130050231 36 אָֽוֶן אָוֶן PROPN _ _ 35 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_13:5!23 37 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Beth.Aven|Ref=1SA_13:5!24|MId=o090130050241 38 אָֽוֶן אָוֶן PROPN _ _ 37 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_13:5!24|SpaceAfter=No 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=1SA_13:5!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נֶאֶסְפוּ *they gathered* | qatal · niphal | | פְלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | הִלָּחֵם *fight* | infinitive construct · niphal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | | יַּעֲלוּ *they came up* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | | יַּחֲנוּ *they encamped* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי אִתְכְּנִישׁוּ לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא בְיִשְׂרָאֵל תְּלָתִין אַלְפִין רְתִיכִין וְשִׁתָּא אַלְפִין פָּרָשִׁין וְעַמָא כְּחָלָא דְעַל כֵּיף יַמָא לִסְגֵי וּסְלִיקוּ וּשְׁרוֹ בְמִכְמַשׁ מַדְנַח בֵּית אָוֶן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the Philistines assembled themselves together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots, and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the sea-shore in multitude; and they came up, and pitched in Michmas, eastward of Beth-aven.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.307/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:277`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 13:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.4/) - next →: [1 Samuel 13:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.6/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/13/)