--- title: 1 Samuel 14:18 — And Saul said unto Ahijah: 'Bring hither the ark of God.' For the ar… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Saul said unto Ahijah: 'Bring hither the ark of God.' For the ark of God was there at that time with the children of Israel. Who acts: Saul, ark. 1 Samuel 14:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / 14:18 # 1 Samuel 14:18 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul, ark · **What happens:** say, bring, be · **To what, where:** ark · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 14:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, ark — and what happens in the verse to ark, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ לַֽאֲחִיָּ֔ה הַגִּ֖ישָׁה אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּֽי־הָיָ֞ה אֲר֧וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [And Saul said unto Ahijah: 'Bring hither the ark of God.' For the ark of God was there at that time with the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.346/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:313 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ לַֽאֲחִיָּ֔ה הַגִּ֖ישָׁה אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּֽי־הָיָ֞ה אֲר֧וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = 1SA.14.18 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:18!1|MId=o090140180011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_14:18!1|MId=o090140180012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090140180021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁאוּל֙ שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_14:18!2|MId=o090140180021|Strong=7586 4-5 לַֽאֲחִיָּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_14:18!3|MId=o090140180031|Strong=3807a 5 אֲחִיָּ֔ה אֲחִיָּה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Ahijah|Ref=1SA_14:18!3|MId=o090140180032|Strong=0281 6-7 הַגִּ֖ישָׁה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַגִּ֖ישׁ נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=bring|Ref=1SA_14:18!4|MId=o090140180041|Strong=5066|Frame=AA:090140180032;A0:090140180051;|Type=imperative 7 ָה ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=near|Ref=1SA_14:18!4|MId=o090140180042|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 8 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=1SA_14:18!5|MId=o090140180051|Strong=0727 9-10 הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1SA_14:18!6|MId=o090140180061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_14:18!6|MId=o090140180062|Strong=0430 11 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_14:18!7|MId=o090140180071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 12 הָיָ֞ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1SA_14:18!8|MId=o090140180081|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090140180091;|Type=qatal 13 אֲר֧וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=1SA_14:18!9|MId=o090140180091|Strong=0727 14-15 הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1SA_14:18!10|MId=o090140180101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_14:18!10|MId=o090140180102|Strong=0430 16-18 בַּיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_14:18!11|MId=o090140180111|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_14:18!11|MId=o090140180111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 advcl _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_14:18!11|MId=o090140180112|Strong=3117 19-20 הַה֖וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_14:18!12|MId=o090140180121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=1SA_14:18!12|MId=o090140180122|Strong=1931|Type=personal 21-22 וּבְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:18!13|MId=o090140180131|Strong=2050b 22 בְנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=1SA_14:18!13|MId=o090140180132|Strong=1121 23 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1SA_14:18!14|MId=o090140180141|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:18!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | הַגִּישׁ *bring* | imperative · hiphil | אֲרוֹן *the ark* | | | אֲחִיָּה *Ahijah* | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | אֲרוֹן *the ark* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל לַאֲחִיָהּ קָרֵיב אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ אֲרֵי הֲוָה אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא עִם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Saul said unto Ahijah: 'Bring hither the ark of God.' For the ark of God was there at that time with the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.346/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:313`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.17/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.19/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/)