--- title: 1 Samuel 14:22 — Likewise all the men of Israel that had hid themselves in the hill-c… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Likewise all the men of Israel that had hid themselves in the hill-country of Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, even they also followed hard after them in the battle. Who acts: men, Philistines. 1 Samuel 14:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / 14:22 # 1 Samuel 14:22 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** men, Philistines · **What happens:** hide, hear, flee, follow · **To what, where:** Philistines, hill country, battle · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 14:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, Philistines — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, hill country, battle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכֹל֩ אִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הַמִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים בְּהַר־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּֽי־נָ֖סוּ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ גַם־הֵ֛מָּה אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ [Likewise all the men of Israel that had hid themselves in the hill-country of Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, even they also followed hard after them in the battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.350/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:317 # text = וְכֹל֩ אִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הַמִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים בְּהַר־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּֽי־נָ֖סוּ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ גַם־הֵ֛מָּה אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ # verse = 1SA.14.22 1-2 וְכֹל֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:22!1|MId=o090140220011|Strong=2050b 2 כֹל֩ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=1SA_14:22!1|MId=o090140220012|Strong=3605 3 אִ֨ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).person|Ref=1SA_14:22!2|MId=o090140220021|Strong=0376 4 יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1SA_14:22!3|MId=o090140220031|Strong=3478 5-6 הַמִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=1SA_14:22!4|MId=o090140220041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 מִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים חָבָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=had].hidden.themselves|Ref=1SA_14:22!4|MId=o090140220042|Strong=2244|Frame=A0:090140220021;|Type=participle_active 7-8 בְּהַר־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_14:22!5|MId=o090140220051|Strong=0871a 8 הַר־ הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.hill.country|Ref=1SA_14:22!5|MId=o090140220052|Strong=2022 9 אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶפְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ephraim|Ref=1SA_14:22!6|MId=o090140220061|Strong=0669 10 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.heard|Ref=1SA_14:22!7|MId=o090140220071|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:090140220021;A1:090140220091;|Type=qatal 11 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=1SA_14:22!8|MId=o090140220081|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 12 נָ֖סוּ נוּס VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 ccomp _ Gloss=they.had.fled|Ref=1SA_14:22!9|MId=o090140220091|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:090140220101;|Type=qatal 13 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_14:22!10|MId=o090140220101|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 14-15 וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:22!11|MId=o090140220111|Strong=2050b 15 יַּדְבְּק֥וּ דָּבַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=they.pursued.closely|Ref=1SA_14:22!11|MId=o090140220112|Strong=1692|Frame=A0:090140220131;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1SA_14:22!12|MId=o090140220121|Strong=1571|SpaceAfter=No 17 הֵ֛מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1SA_14:22!13|MId=o090140220131|Strong=1992|Type=personal 18-19 אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=1SA_14:22!14|MId=o090140220141|Strong=0310 19 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1SA_14:22!14|MId=o090140220142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20-22 בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_14:22!15|MId=o090140220151|Strong=0871a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_14:22!15|MId=o090140220151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 מִּלְחָמָֽה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=1SA_14:22!15|MId=o090140220152|Strong=4421 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:22!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מִּֽתְחַבְּאִים *had\] hidden themselves* | participle active · hithpael | אִישׁ *(the) person* | | | | | שָֽׁמְעוּ *they heard* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *(the) person* | נָסוּ *they had fled* | | | | נָסוּ *they had fled* | qatal · qal | פְּלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | | | | | יַּדְבְּקוּ *they pursued closely* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | הֵמָּה *they* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְכָל אֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל דְאִטְמָרוּ בְּטוּרָא דְבֵית אֶפְרַיִם שְׁמָעוּ אֲרִי אַפִיכוּ פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְאַדְבִּיקוּ אַף אִינוּן בַּתְרֵיהוֹן בִּקְרָבָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Likewise all the men of Israel that had hid themselves in the hill-country of Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, even they also followed hard after them in the battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.350/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:317`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.21/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.23/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/)