--- title: 1 Samuel 14:27 — But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath; and he put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand, and dipped it in the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes brightened. Who acts: Jonathan, father, rod, eyes. 1 Samuel 14:27 in Hebrew with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / 14:27 # 1 Samuel 14:27 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Jonathan, father, rod, eyes · **What happens:** not hear, charge, put, be, dip, brighten · **To what, where:** people, end, hand, honeycomb This is 1 Samuel 14:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonathan, father, rod, eyes — and what happens in the verse to people, end, hand, honeycomb, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֗ע בְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ אָבִיו֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֶת־קְצֵ֤ה הַמַּטֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָד֔וֹ וַיִּטְבֹּ֥ל אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּיַעְרַ֣ת הַדְּבָ֑שׁ וַיָּ֤שֶׁב יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־פִּ֔יו וַתָּאֹ֖רְנָה עֵינָֽיו׃ [But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath; and he put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand, and dipped it in the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes brightened.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.355/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:322 # text = וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֗ע בְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ אָבִיו֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֶת־קְצֵ֤ה הַמַּטֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָד֔וֹ וַיִּטְבֹּ֥ל אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּיַעְרַ֣ת הַדְּבָ֑שׁ וַיָּ֤שֶׁב יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־פִּ֔יו וַתָּאֹ֖רְנָה עֵינָֽיו׃ # verse = 1SA.14.27 1-2 וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:27!1|MId=o090140270011|Strong=2050b 2 יוֹנָתָ֣ן יוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=1SA_14:27!1|MId=o090140270012|Strong=3129 3 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_14:27!2|MId=o090140270021|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4 שָׁמַ֗ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.had.heard|Ref=1SA_14:27!3|MId=o090140270031|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:090140270012;|Type=qatal 5-6 בְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=1SA_14:27!4|MId=o090140270041|Strong=0871a 6 הַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ שָׁבַע VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 4 advcl _ Gloss=made.to.swear.an.oath|Ref=1SA_14:27!4|MId=o090140270042|Strong=7650|Frame=AA:090140270051;A0:090140270072;|Type=infinitive_construct 7-8 אָבִיו֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אָבִי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_14:27!5|MId=o090140270051|Strong=0001 8 ו֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_14:27!5|MId=o090140270052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_14:27!6|MId=o090140270061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 הָעָם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_14:27!7|MId=o090140270071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 עָם֒ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=1SA_14:27!7|MId=o090140270072|Strong=5971 12-13 וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:27!8|MId=o090140270081|Strong=2050b 13 יִּשְׁלַ֗ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.stretched.out|Ref=1SA_14:27!8|MId=o090140270082|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:090140270012;A1:090140270101;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_14:27!9|MId=o090140270091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15 קְצֵ֤ה קָצֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=the.end|Ref=1SA_14:27!10|MId=o090140270101|Strong=7097 16-17 הַמַּטֶּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_14:27!11|MId=o090140270111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 מַּטֶּה֙ מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.staff|Ref=1SA_14:27!11|MId=o090140270112|Strong=4294 18 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1SA_14:27!12|MId=o090140270121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 19-21 בְּיָד֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=[was].in|Ref=1SA_14:27!13|MId=o090140270131|Strong=0871a 20 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=1SA_14:27!13|MId=o090140270132|Strong=3027 21 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_14:27!13|MId=o090140270133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-23 וַיִּטְבֹּ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:27!14|MId=o090140270141|Strong=2050b 23 יִּטְבֹּ֥ל טָבַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.dipped|Ref=1SA_14:27!14|MId=o090140270142|Strong=2881|Frame=A0:090140270012;A1:090140270152;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 אוֹתָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_14:27!15|MId=o090140270151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_14:27!15|MId=o090140270152|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 26-27 בְּיַעְרַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_14:27!16|MId=o090140270161|Strong=0871a 27 יַעְרַ֣ת יַעְרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.honeycomb|Ref=1SA_14:27!16|MId=o090140270162|Strong=3295a 28-29 הַדְּבָ֑שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_14:27!17|MId=o090140270171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 דְּבָ֑שׁ דְּבַשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.honey|Ref=1SA_14:27!17|MId=o090140270172|Strong=1706 30-31 וַיָּ֤שֶׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:27!18|MId=o090140270181|Strong=2050b 31 יָּ֤שֶׁב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.brought.back|Ref=1SA_14:27!18|MId=o090140270182|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:090140270012;A0:090140270191;|Type=wayyiqtol 32-33 יָדוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=1SA_14:27!19|MId=o090140270191|Strong=3027 33 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_14:27!19|MId=o090140270192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_14:27!20|MId=o090140270201|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 פִּ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 פִּ֔י פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=1SA_14:27!21|MId=o090140270211|Strong=6310 36 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_14:27!21|MId=o090140270212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37-38 וַתָּאֹ֖רְנָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:27!23|MId=o090140270231|Strong=2050b 38 תָּאֹ֖רְנָה אוֹר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.brightened|Ref=1SA_14:27!23|MId=o090140270232|Strong=0215|Frame=A0:090140270241;|Type=wayyiqtol 39-40 עֵינָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 עֵינָֽי עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 38 nsubj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=1SA_14:27!24|MId=o090140270241|Strong=5869 40 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_14:27!24|MId=o090140270242|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:27!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** שָׁמַע *he had heard* | qatal · qal | יוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | | | | | הַשְׁבִּיעַ *made to swear an oath* | infinitive construct · hiphil | עָם *people* | | | אָבִי *father* | | יִּשְׁלַח *he stretched out* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | קְצֵה *the end* | | | | יִּטְבֹּל *he dipped* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | ָהּ *it* | | | | יָּשֶׁב *he brought back* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | יָד *hand* | | | יוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | | תָּאֹרְנָה *they brightened* | wayyiqtol · qal | עֵינָֽי *eyes* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיוֹנָתָן לָא שְׁמַע כַּד אוֹמֵי אֲבוּהִי יַת עַמָא וְאוֹשִׁיט יַת רֵישׁ שׁוֹטִיתָא דְבִידֵיהּ וּטְבָל יָתָהּ בְּקִינָא דְדוּבְשָׁא וַאֲתֵיב יְדֵיהּ לְפוּמֵיהּ וְנַהֲרָא עֵינוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath; and he put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand, and dipped it in the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes brightened.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.355/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:322`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.26/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.28/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/)