--- title: 1 Samuel 14:36 — And Saul said: 'Let us go down after the Philistines by night, and s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Saul said: 'Let us go down after the Philistines by night, and spoil them until the morning light, and let us not leave a man of them.' And they said: 'Do whatsoever seemeth good unto thee.' Then said the priest: 'Let us draw near hither unto God.' Who acts: Saul, us, Philistines, whatsoever. 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.36/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / 14:36 # 1 Samuel 14:36 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul, us, Philistines, whatsoever, priest · **What happens:** say, let, go down, spoil, not leave, do · **To what, where:** us, Philistines, man · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 14:36 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, us, Philistines, whatsoever, priest — and what happens in the verse to us, Philistines, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֡וּל נֵרְדָ֣ה אַחֲרֵי֩ פְלִשְׁתִּ֨ים ׀ לַ֜יְלָה וְֽנָבֹ֥זָה בָהֶ֣ם ׀ עַד־א֣וֹר הַבֹּ֗קֶר וְלֹֽא־נַשְׁאֵ֤ר בָּהֶם֙ אִ֔ישׁ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כָּל־הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵׂ֑הס וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן נִקְרְבָ֥ה הֲלֹ֖ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃ [And Saul said: 'Let us go down after the Philistines by night, and spoil them until the morning light, and let us not leave a man of them.' And they said: 'Do whatsoever seemeth good unto thee.' Then said the priest: 'Let us draw near hither unto God.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.364/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:331 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֡וּל נֵרְדָ֣ה אַחֲרֵי֩ פְלִשְׁתִּ֨ים ׀ לַ֜יְלָה וְֽנָבֹ֥זָה בָהֶ֣ם ׀ עַד־א֣וֹר הַבֹּ֗קֶר וְלֹֽא־נַשְׁאֵ֤ר בָּהֶם֙ אִ֔ישׁ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כָּל־הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵׂ֑הס וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן נִקְרְבָ֥ה הֲלֹ֖ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃ # verse = 1SA.14.36 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:36!1|MId=o090140360011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_14:36!1|MId=o090140360012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090140360021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁא֡וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_14:36!2|MId=o090140360021|Strong=7586 4 נֵרְדָ֣ה יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 ccomp _ Gloss=let.us.go.down|Ref=1SA_14:36!3|MId=o090140360031|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:090140360021;090140340242;|Type=cohortative 5 אַחֲרֵי֩ אַחַר ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=1SA_14:36!4|MId=o090140360041|Strong=0310 6 פְלִשְׁתִּ֨ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_14:36!5|MId=o090140360051|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 7 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 6 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:36!5 8 לַ֜יְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=night|Ref=1SA_14:36!6|MId=o090140360061|Strong=3915 9-10 וְֽנָבֹ֥זָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:36!7|MId=o090140360071|Strong=2050b 10 נָבֹ֥זָה בָּזַז VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 4 conj _ Gloss=let.us.plunder|Ref=1SA_14:36!7|MId=o090140360072|Strong=0962|Frame=A0:090140360021;090140340242;|Type=cohortative 11-12 בָהֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=1SA_14:36!8|MId=o090140360081|Strong=0871a 12 ָהֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1SA_14:36!8|MId=o090140360082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 12 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:36!8 14 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=1SA_14:36!9|MId=o090140360091|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 15 א֣וֹר אוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.light|Ref=1SA_14:36!10|MId=o090140360101|Strong=0216 16-17 הַבֹּ֗קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_14:36!11|MId=o090140360111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 בֹּ֗קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.morning|Ref=1SA_14:36!11|MId=o090140360112|Strong=1242 18-19 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:36!12|MId=o090140360121|Strong=2050b 19 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_14:36!12|MId=o090140360122|Strong=3808|Type=negative 20 נַשְׁאֵ֤ר שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=1 4 conj _ Gloss=let.us.leave|Ref=1SA_14:36!13|MId=o090140360131|Strong=7604|Frame=AA:090140360021;090140340242;A0:090140360151;|Type=cohortative 21-22 בָּהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=1SA_14:36!14|MId=o090140360141|Strong=0871a 22 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1SA_14:36!14|MId=o090140360142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23 אִ֔ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=1SA_14:36!15|MId=o090140360151|Strong=0376 24-25 וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:36!16|MId=o090140360161|Strong=2050b 25 יֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=people.said|Ref=1SA_14:36!16|MId=o090140360162|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090140340242;|Type=wayyiqtol 26 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_14:36!17|MId=o090140360171|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הַטּ֥וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_14:36!18|MId=o090140360181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 טּ֥וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=good|Ref=1SA_14:36!18|MId=o090140360182|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 29-31 בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_14:36!19|MId=o090140360191|Strong=0871a 30 עֵינֶ֖י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 28 nmod _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=1SA_14:36!19|MId=o090140360192|Strong=5869 31 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_14:36!19|MId=o090140360193|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32 עֲשֵׂ֑ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 25 ccomp _ Gloss=do|Ref=1SA_14:36!20|MId=o090140360201|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090140360021;A1:090140360182;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 33 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:36!20 34-35 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:36!21|MId=o090140360211|Strong=2050b 35 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_14:36!21|MId=o090140360212|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090140360232;|Type=wayyiqtol 36-37 הַכֹּהֵ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_14:36!22|MId=o090140360221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 כֹּהֵ֔ן כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=priest|Ref=1SA_14:36!22|MId=o090140360222|Strong=3548 38 נִקְרְבָ֥ה קָרַב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 35 ccomp _ Gloss=let.us.draw.near|Ref=1SA_14:36!23|MId=o090140360231|Strong=7126|Frame=A0:090140360021;090140360232;090140340242;|Type=cohortative 39 הֲלֹ֖ם הֲלֹם ADV _ _ 38 advmod _ Gloss=here|Ref=1SA_14:36!24|MId=o090140360241|Strong=1988 40 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_14:36!25|MId=o090140360251|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 41-42 הָאֱלֹהִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 42 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_14:36!26|MId=o090140360261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 42 אֱלֹהִֽים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 38 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_14:36!26|MId=o090140360262|Strong=0430 43 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 42 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:36!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | נֵרְדָה *let us go down* | cohortative · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | נָבֹזָה *let us plunder* | cohortative · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | **not** נַשְׁאֵר *let us leave* | cohortative · hiphil | אִישׁ *anyone* | | | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | יֹּאמְרוּ *people said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | עֲשֵׂה *do* | imperative · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | טּוֹב *good* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | נִקְרְבָה *let us draw near* | cohortative · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל נֵחוֹת בָּתַר פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי בְּלֵילְיָא וְנִקְטוֹל בְּהוֹן עַד מַנְהַר צַפְרָא וְלָא נִשְׁאַר בְּהוֹן אֱנַשׁ וַאֲמַרוּ כָּל דְתַקִין בְּעֵינָךְ עֲבִיד וַאֲמַר כַּהֲנָא נִתְקְרַב הַלְכָא וְנִשְׁאַל בְּמֵימְרָא דַיָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Saul said: 'Let us go down after the Philistines by night, and spoil them until the morning light, and let us not leave a man of them.' And they said: 'Do whatsoever seemeth good unto thee.' Then said the priest: 'Let us draw near hither unto God.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.364/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:331`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.35/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.37/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/)