--- title: 1 Samuel 14:40 — Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan my son will be on the other side.' And the people said unto Saul: 'Do what seemeth good unto thee.' Who acts: man, ye, I, people. 1 Samuel 14:40 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / 14:40 # 1 Samuel 14:40 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** man, ye, I, people · **What happens:** say, be, do, seem · **To what, where:** one side, other side · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 14:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, ye, I, people — and what happens in the verse to one side, other side, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אַתֶּם֙ תִּֽהְיוּ֙ לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֔ד וַֽאֲנִי֙ וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנִ֔י נִהְיֶ֖ה לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֑ד וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ הָעָם֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵֽׂה׃ס [Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan my son will be on the other side.' And the people said unto Saul: 'Do what seemeth good unto thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.368/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:335 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אַתֶּם֙ תִּֽהְיוּ֙ לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֔ד וַֽאֲנִי֙ וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנִ֔י נִהְיֶ֖ה לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֑ד וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ הָעָם֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵֽׂה׃ס # verse = 1SA.14.40 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:40!1|MId=o090140400011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_14:40!1|MId=o090140400012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090140380021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_14:40!2|MId=o090140400021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_14:40!3|MId=o090140400031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_14:40!4|MId=o090140400041|Strong=3478 6 אַתֶּם֙ אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_14:40!5|MId=o090140400051|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 7 תִּֽהְיוּ֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 cop _ Gloss=you.will.be|Ref=1SA_14:40!6|MId=o090140400061|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090140400051;|Type=yiqtol 8-9 לְעֵ֣בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_14:40!7|MId=o090140400071|Strong=3807a 9 עֵ֣בֶר עֵבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=a.side|Ref=1SA_14:40!7|MId=o090140400072|Strong=5676 10 אֶחָ֔ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=1SA_14:40!8|MId=o090140400081|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 11-12 וַֽאֲנִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:40!9|MId=o090140400091|Strong=2050b 12 אֲנִי֙ אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1SA_14:40!9|MId=o090140400092|Strong=0589|Type=personal 13-14 וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:40!10|MId=o090140400101|Strong=2050b 14 יוֹנָתָ֣ן יוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=1SA_14:40!10|MId=o090140400102|Strong=3129 15-16 בְּנִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=son|Ref=1SA_14:40!11|MId=o090140400111|Strong=1121 16 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_14:40!11|MId=o090140400112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 17 נִהְיֶ֖ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 19 cop _ Gloss=we.will.be|Ref=1SA_14:40!12|MId=o090140400121|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090140400092;090140400102;|Type=yiqtol 18-19 לְעֵ֣בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_14:40!13|MId=o090140400131|Strong=3807a 19 עֵ֣בֶר עֵבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=a.side|Ref=1SA_14:40!13|MId=o090140400132|Strong=5676 20 אֶחָ֑ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=1SA_14:40!14|MId=o090140400141|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 21-22 וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_14:40!15|MId=o090140400151|Strong=2050b 22 יֹּאמְר֤וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=1SA_14:40!15|MId=o090140400152|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090140400162;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 הָעָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_14:40!16|MId=o090140400161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 עָם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=1SA_14:40!16|MId=o090140400162|Strong=5971 25 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_14:40!17|MId=o090140400171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 26 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 22 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_14:40!18|MId=o090140400181|Strong=7586 27-28 הַטּ֥וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_14:40!19|MId=o090140400191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 טּ֥וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=good|Ref=1SA_14:40!19|MId=o090140400192|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 29-31 בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_14:40!20|MId=o090140400201|Strong=0871a 30 עֵינֶ֖י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 28 nmod _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=1SA_14:40!20|MId=o090140400202|Strong=5869 31 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_14:40!20|MId=o090140400203|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32 עֲשֵֽׂה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 22 ccomp _ Gloss=do|Ref=1SA_14:40!21|MId=o090140400211|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090140400181;A1:090140400192;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:40!21|SpaceAfter=No 34 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1SA_14:40!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | תִּֽהְיוּ *you will be* | yiqtol · qal | אַתֶּם *you* | | | | | נִהְיֶה *we will be* | yiqtol · qal | אֲנִי *I* + יוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | עֲשֵֽׂה *do* | imperative · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | טּוֹב *good* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל אַתּוּן תְּהוֹן לְעֶבְרָא חָד וַאֲנָא וְיוֹנָתָן בְּרִי נְהֵי לְעֶבְרָא חָד וַאֲמַרוּ עַמָא לְשָׁאוּל דְתַקִין בְּעֵינָךְ עֲבֵיד: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan my son will be on the other side.' And the people said unto Saul: 'Do what seemeth good unto thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.368/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:335`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.39/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.41/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/)