--- title: 1 Samuel 15:3 — Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.' Who acts: you, hosts. 1 Samuel 15:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.15.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/15/) / 15:3 # 1 Samuel 15:3 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** you, hosts · **What happens:** go, smite, destroy, have, not spare, slay · **To what, where:** Amalek, all, hosts, man This is 1 Samuel 15:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, hosts — and what happens in the verse to Amalek, all, hosts, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עַתָּה֩ לֵ֨ךְ וְהִכִּֽיתָ֜ה אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֗ק וְהַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ל עָלָ֑יו וְהֵמַתָּ֞ה מֵאִ֣ישׁ עַד־אִשָּׁ֗ה מֵֽעֹלֵל֙ וְעַד־יוֹנֵ֔ק מִשּׁ֣וֹר וְעַד־שֶׂ֔ה מִגָּמָ֖ל וְעַד־חֲמֽוֹר׃ס [Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.384/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:350 # text = עַתָּה֩ לֵ֨ךְ וְהִכִּֽיתָ֜ה אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֗ק וְהַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ל עָלָ֑יו וְהֵמַתָּ֞ה מֵאִ֣ישׁ עַד־אִשָּׁ֗ה מֵֽעֹלֵל֙ וְעַד־יוֹנֵ֔ק מִשּׁ֣וֹר וְעַד־שֶׂ֔ה מִגָּמָ֖ל וְעַד־חֲמֽוֹר׃ס # verse = 1SA.15.3 1 עַתָּה֩ עַתָּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=1SA_15:3!1|MId=o090150030011|Strong=6258 2 לֵ֨ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=go|Ref=1SA_15:3!2|MId=o090150030021|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090150010041;|Type=imperative 3-4 וְהִכִּֽיתָ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_15:3!3|MId=o090150030031|Strong=2050b 4 הִכִּֽיתָ֜ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.attack|Ref=1SA_15:3!3|MId=o090150030032|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:090150010041;A0:090150030051;|Type=weqatal 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_15:3!4|MId=o090150030041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6 עֲמָלֵ֗ק עֲמָלֵק PROPN _ _ 4 obj _ Gloss=Amalek|Ref=1SA_15:3!5|MId=o090150030051|Strong=6002 7-8 וְהַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_15:3!6|MId=o090150030061|Strong=2050b 8 הַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ חָרַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.totally.destroy|Ref=1SA_15:3!6|MId=o090150030062|Strong=2763|Frame=AA:090150010041;090150020102;A0:090150030081;|Type=weqatal 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_15:3!7|MId=o090150030071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_15:3!8|MId=o090150030081|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 11 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1SA_15:3!9|MId=o090150030091|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=1SA_15:3!10|MId=o090150030101|Strong=3807a 13 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_15:3!10|MId=o090150030102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_15:3!11|MId=o090150030111|Strong=2050b 15 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_15:3!11|MId=o090150030112|Strong=3808|Type=negative 16 תַחְמֹ֖ל חָמַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.must.have.compassion|Ref=1SA_15:3!12|MId=o090150030121|Strong=2550|Frame=A0:090150010041;|Type=yiqtol 17-18 עָלָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 עָלָ֑י עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_15:3!13|MId=o090150030131|Strong=5921 18 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_15:3!13|MId=o090150030132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְהֵמַתָּ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_15:3!14|MId=o090150030141|Strong=2050b 20 הֵמַתָּ֞ה מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.put.to.death|Ref=1SA_15:3!14|MId=o090150030142|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:090150010041;|Type=weqatal 21-22 מֵאִ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_15:3!15|MId=o090150030151|Strong=4480 22 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=1SA_15:3!15|MId=o090150030152|Strong=0376 23 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=unto|Ref=1SA_15:3!16|MId=o090150030161|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 24 אִשָּׁ֗ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=a.woman|Ref=1SA_15:3!17|MId=o090150030171|Strong=0802 25-26 מֵֽעֹלֵל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_15:3!18|MId=o090150030181|Strong=4480 26 עֹלֵל֙ עוֹלֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=a.child|Ref=1SA_15:3!18|MId=o090150030182|Strong=5768 27-28 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_15:3!19|MId=o090150030191|Strong=2050b 28 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=unto|Ref=1SA_15:3!19|MId=o090150030192|Strong=5704 29 יוֹנֵ֔ק יָנַק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 26 conj _ Gloss=a.sucking.child|Ref=1SA_15:3!20|MId=o090150030201|Strong=3126|Type=participle_active 30-31 מִשּׁ֣וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_15:3!21|MId=o090150030211|Strong=4480 31 שּׁ֣וֹר שׁוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=an.ox|Ref=1SA_15:3!21|MId=o090150030212|Strong=7794 32-33 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_15:3!22|MId=o090150030221|Strong=2050b 33 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=unto|Ref=1SA_15:3!22|MId=o090150030222|Strong=5704 34 שֶׂ֔ה שֶׂה NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=a.sheep|Ref=1SA_15:3!23|MId=o090150030231|Strong=7716 35-36 מִגָּמָ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_15:3!24|MId=o090150030241|Strong=4480 36 גָּמָ֖ל גָּמָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=a.camel|Ref=1SA_15:3!24|MId=o090150030242|Strong=1581 37-38 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_15:3!25|MId=o090150030251|Strong=2050b 38 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=unto|Ref=1SA_15:3!25|MId=o090150030252|Strong=5704 39 חֲמֽוֹר חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 36 conj _ Gloss=a.donkey|Ref=1SA_15:3!26|MId=o090150030261|Strong=2543|SpaceAfter=No 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=1SA_15:3!26|SpaceAfter=No 41 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=1SA_15:3!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | לֵךְ *go* | imperative · qal | | | | | | הִכִּֽיתָה *you will attack* | weqatal · hiphil | עֲמָלֵק *Amalek* | | | | | הַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם *you will totally destroy* | weqatal · hiphil | כָּל־ *all* | | | | | **not** תַחְמֹל *you must have compassion* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | הֵמַתָּה *you will put to death* | weqatal · hiphil | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן אֱזִיל וְתִמְחֵי יַת דְבֵית עֲמָלֵק וּתְגַמַר יַת כָּל דִי לְהוֹן וְלָא תְחוּס עֲלֵיהוֹן וְתִקְטוֹל מִגְבַר עַד אִתְּתָא מֵעוּלֵים וְעַד יָנִיק מִתּוֹר וְעַד אִימַר מִגָמָל וְעַד חֲמָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.384/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:350`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 15:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.15.2/) - next →: [1 Samuel 15:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.15.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/15/)