--- title: 1 Samuel 16:16 — Let our lord now command thy servants, that are before thee, to seek… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Let our lord now command thy servants, that are before thee, to seek out a man who is a skilful player on the harp; and it shall be, when the evil spirit from God cometh upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.' Who acts: lord, servants, man, evil spirit. 1 Samuel 16:16 i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/16/) / 16:16 # 1 Samuel 16:16 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** lord, servants, man, evil spirit, thou · **What happens:** let, command, be, seek out, come, play · **To what, where:** servants, man, skilful player, harp · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 16:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — lord, servants, man, evil spirit, thou — and what happens in the verse to servants, man, skilful player, harp, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יֹאמַר־נָ֤א אֲדֹנֵ֙נוּ֙ עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ יְבַקְשׁ֕וּ אִ֕ישׁ יֹדֵ֖עַ מְנַגֵּ֣ן בַּכִּנּ֑וֹר וְהָיָ֗ה בִּֽהְי֨וֹת עָלֶ֤יךָ רֽוּחַ־אֱלֹהִים֙ רָעָ֔ה וְנִגֵּ֥ן בְּיָד֖וֹ וְט֥וֹב לָֽךְ׃פ [Let our lord now command thy servants, that are before thee, to seek out a man who is a skilful player on the harp; and it shall be, when the evil spirit from God cometh upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.444/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:398 # text = יֹאמַר־נָ֤א אֲדֹנֵ֙נוּ֙ עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ יְבַקְשׁ֕וּ אִ֕ישׁ יֹדֵ֖עַ מְנַגֵּ֣ן בַּכִּנּ֑וֹר וְהָיָ֗ה בִּֽהְי֨וֹת עָלֶ֤יךָ רֽוּחַ־אֱלֹהִים֙ רָעָ֔ה וְנִגֵּ֥ן בְּיָד֖וֹ וְט֥וֹב לָֽךְ׃פ # verse = 1SA.16.16 1 יֹאמַר־ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=let.him.say|Ref=1SA_16:16!1|MId=o090160160011|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090160160031;A1:090160160041;|Type=jussive|SpaceAfter=No 2 נָ֤א נָא INTJ _ _ 1 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=1SA_16:16!2|MId=o090160160021|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 3-4 אֲדֹנֵ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ Gloss=lord|Ref=1SA_16:16!3|MId=o090160160031|Strong=0113 4 ֵ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=1SA_16:16!3|MId=o090160160032|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 5-6 עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 עֲבָדֶ֣י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 obj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1SA_16:16!4|MId=o090160160041|Strong=5650 6 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_16:16!4|MId=o090160160042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 7-9 לְפָנֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_16:16!5|MId=o090160160051|Strong=3807a 8 פָנֶ֔י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 5 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_16:16!5|MId=o090160160052|Strong=6440 9 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_16:16!5|MId=o090160160053|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 10 יְבַקְשׁ֕וּ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 ccomp _ Gloss=let.them.seek|Ref=1SA_16:16!6|MId=o090160160061|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:090160160041;A1:090160160071;|Type=yiqtol 11 אִ֕ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=1SA_16:16!7|MId=o090160160071|Strong=0376 12 יֹדֵ֖עַ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[who].knows|Ref=1SA_16:16!8|MId=o090160160081|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090160160071;A1:090160160091;|Type=participle_active 13 מְנַגֵּ֣ן נָגַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 12 ccomp _ Gloss=playing|Ref=1SA_16:16!9|MId=o090160160091|Strong=5059|Frame=A0:090160160071;|Type=participle_active 14-16 בַּכִּנּ֑וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_16:16!10|MId=o090160160101|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_16:16!10|MId=o090160160101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 כִּנּ֑וֹר כִּנּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=harp|Ref=1SA_16:16!10|MId=o090160160102|Strong=3658 17-18 וְהָיָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_16:16!11|MId=o090160160111|Strong=2050b 18 הָיָ֗ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 22 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=1SA_16:16!11|MId=o090160160112|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 19-20 בִּֽהְי֨וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=1SA_16:16!12|MId=o090160160121|Strong=0871a 20 הְי֨וֹת הָיָה AUX _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 cop _ Gloss=is|Ref=1SA_16:16!12|MId=o090160160122|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090160160141;|Type=infinitive_construct 21-22 עָלֶ֤יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 עָלֶ֤י עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_16:16!13|MId=o090160160131|Strong=5921 22 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_16:16!13|MId=o090160160132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23 רֽוּחַ־ רוּחַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=a.spirit|Ref=1SA_16:16!14|MId=o090160160141|Strong=7307|SpaceAfter=No 24 אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=1SA_16:16!15|MId=o090160160151|Strong=0430 25 רָעָ֔ה רַע ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 amod _ Gloss=evil|Ref=1SA_16:16!16|MId=o090160160161|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 26-27 וְנִגֵּ֥ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_16:16!17|MId=o090160160171|Strong=2050b 27 נִגֵּ֥ן נָגַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=he.will.play|Ref=1SA_16:16!17|MId=o090160160172|Strong=5059|Frame=A0:090160160071;|Type=weqatal 28-30 בְּיָד֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_16:16!18|MId=o090160160181|Strong=0871a 29 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=1SA_16:16!18|MId=o090160160182|Strong=3027 30 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_16:16!18|MId=o090160160183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-32 וְט֥וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_16:16!19|MId=o090160160191|Strong=2050b 32 ט֥וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=good|Ref=1SA_16:16!19|MId=o090160160192|Strong=2896|Type=weqatal 33-34 לָֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 ל לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=1SA_16:16!20|MId=o090160160201|Strong=3807a 34 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=belong].to.you|Ref=1SA_16:16!20|MId=o090160160202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1SA_16:16!20|SpaceAfter=No 36 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1SA_16:16!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹאמַר־ *let him say* | jussive · qal | אֲדֹנ *lord* | עֲבָדֶי *servants* | | | | יְבַקְשׁוּ *let them seek* | yiqtol · piel | עֲבָדֶי *servants* | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | יֹדֵעַ *\[who\] knows* | participle active · qal | אִישׁ *a person* | מְנַגֵּן *playing* | | | | מְנַגֵּן *playing* | participle active · piel | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | | הְיוֹת *is* | infinitive construct · qal | רֽוּחַ־ *a spirit* | | | | | נִגֵּן *he will play* | weqatal · piel | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} יֵימַר כְּעַן רִבּוֹנָנָא עַבְדָךְ קֳדָמָךְ יִבְעוּן גַבְרָא דְיָדַע לְנַגְנָא בְּכִנוֹרָא וִיְהֵי כַּד תִשְׁרֵי עֲלָךְ רוּחַ בִּישָׁא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וִינַגֵן בִּידֵיהּ וְיֵיטַב לָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Let our lord now command thy servants, that are before thee, to seek out a man who is a skilful player on the harp; and it shall be, when the evil spirit from God cometh upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.444/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:398`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 16:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.15/) - next →: [1 Samuel 16:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.17/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/16/)