--- title: 1 Samuel 17:1 — Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and they were gathered together at Socoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched between Socoh and Azekah, in Ephes-dammim. Who acts: Philistines, Socoh. 1 Samuel 17:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / 17:1 # 1 Samuel 17:1 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Philistines, Socoh · **What happens:** gather, battle, belong, pitch · **To what, where:** armies, Philistines, Socoh, Judah, Ephes dammim This is 1 Samuel 17:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistines, Socoh — and what happens in the verse to armies, Philistines, Socoh, Judah, Ephes dammim, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים אֶת־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ שֹׂכֹ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִיהוּדָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בֵּין־שׂוֹכֹ֥ה וּבֵין־עֲזֵקָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים אֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים׃ [Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and they were gathered together at Socoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched between Socoh and Azekah, in Ephes-dammim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.452/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:406 # text = וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים אֶת־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ שֹׂכֹ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִיהוּדָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בֵּין־שׂוֹכֹ֥ה וּבֵין־עֲזֵקָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים אֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים׃ # verse = 1SA.17.1 1-2 וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:1!1|MId=o090170010011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּאַסְפ֨וּ אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.gathered|Ref=1SA_17:1!1|MId=o090170010012|Strong=0622|Frame=A0:090170010021;A1:090170010041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_17:1!2|MId=o090170010021|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_17:1!3|MId=o090170010031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מַֽחֲנֵי מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=armies|Ref=1SA_17:1!4|MId=o090170010041|Strong=4264 6 הֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_17:1!4|MId=o090170010042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7-9 לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_17:1!5|MId=o090170010051|Strong=3807a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_17:1!5|MId=o090170010051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=1SA_17:1!5|MId=o090170010052|Strong=4421 10-11 וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:1!6|MId=o090170010061|Strong=2050b 11 יֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.were.gathered|Ref=1SA_17:1!6|MId=o090170010062|Strong=0622|Frame=A1:090170010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 שֹׂכֹ֖ה שׂוֹכֹה PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=Socoh|Ref=1SA_17:1!7|MId=o090170010071|Strong=7755 13 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1SA_17:1!8|MId=o090170010081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 14-15 לִיהוּדָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=1SA_17:1!9|MId=o090170010091|Strong=3807a 15 יהוּדָ֑ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=1SA_17:1!9|MId=o090170010092|Strong=3063 16-17 וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:1!10|MId=o090170010101|Strong=2050b 17 יַּחֲנ֛וּ חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.encamped|Ref=1SA_17:1!10|MId=o090170010102|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:090170010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 בֵּין־ בֵּין ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=1SA_17:1!11|MId=o090170010111|Strong=0996|SpaceAfter=No 19 שׂוֹכֹ֥ה שׂוֹכֹה PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Socoh|Ref=1SA_17:1!12|MId=o090170010121|Strong=7755 20-21 וּבֵין־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:1!13|MId=o090170010131|Strong=2050b 21 בֵין־ בֵּין ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=1SA_17:1!13|MId=o090170010132|Strong=0996 22 עֲזֵקָ֖ה עֲזֵקָה PROPN _ _ 19 conj _ Gloss=Azekah|Ref=1SA_17:1!14|MId=o090170010141|Strong=5825 23-24 בְּאֶ֥פֶס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_17:1!15|MId=o090170010151|Strong=0871a 24 אֶ֥פֶס אֶפֶס PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Ephes|Ref=1SA_17:1!15|MId=o090170010152 25 דַּמִּֽים דַּמִּים PROPN _ _ 24 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_17:1!15 26 אֶ֥פֶס אֶפֶס PROPN _ _ 24 nmod _ Gloss=Dammim|Ref=1SA_17:1!16|MId=o090170010161 27 דַּמִּֽים דַּמִּים PROPN _ _ 26 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_17:1!16|SpaceAfter=No 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=1SA_17:1!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּאַסְפוּ *they gathered* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | מַֽחֲנֵי *armies* | | | | יֵּאָסְפוּ *they were gathered* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | | | | יַּחֲנוּ *they encamped* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְנָשׁוּ פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי יַת מַשְׁרִיתֵיהוֹן לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא וְאִתְכַּנָשׁוּ לְשׁוֹכֹה דִי לְשֵׁבֶט יְהוּדָה וּשְׁרוֹ בֵּין שׁוֹכֹה וּבֵין עֲזֵקָה בְּאֶפֶס דַמִים: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and they were gathered together at Socoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched between Socoh and Azekah, in Ephes-dammim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.452/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:406`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 16:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.23/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.2/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/)