--- title: 1 Samuel 17:11 — And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid. Who acts: Saul. 1 Samuel 17:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / 17:11 # 1 Samuel 17:11 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul · **What happens:** hear, dismay, word · **To what, where:** words, Saul, Philistine This is 1 Samuel 17:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul — and what happens in the verse to words, Saul, Philistine, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁאוּל֙ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃פ [And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.462/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:416 # text = וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁאוּל֙ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃פ # verse = 1SA.17.11 1-2 וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:11!1|MId=o090170110011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.heard|Ref=1SA_17:11!1|MId=o090170110012|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:090170110021;090170110041;A1:090170110061;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁאוּל֙ שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_17:11!2|MId=o090170110021|Strong=7586 4-5 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:11!3|MId=o090170110031|Strong=2050b 5 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_17:11!3|MId=o090170110032|Strong=3605 6 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_17:11!4|MId=o090170110041|Strong=3478 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_17:11!5|MId=o090170110051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8 דִּבְרֵ֥י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=the.words|Ref=1SA_17:11!6|MId=o090170110061|Strong=1697 9-10 הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_17:11!7|MId=o090170110071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Philistine|Ref=1SA_17:11!7|MId=o090170110072|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 11-12 הָאֵ֑לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_17:11!8|MId=o090170110081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 אֵ֑לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 8 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=1SA_17:11!8|MId=o090170110082|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 13-14 וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:11!9|MId=o090170110091|Strong=2050b 14 יֵּחַ֥תּוּ חָתַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.were.dismayed|Ref=1SA_17:11!9|MId=o090170110092|Strong=2865|Frame=A0:090170110021;090170110041;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-16 וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:11!10|MId=o090170110101|Strong=2050b 16 יִּֽרְא֖וּ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 conj _ Gloss=they.were.afraid|Ref=1SA_17:11!10|MId=o090170110102|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:090170110021;090170110041;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 מְאֹֽד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=1SA_17:11!11|MId=o090170110111|Strong=3966|SpaceAfter=No 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=1SA_17:11!11|SpaceAfter=No 19 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=1SA_17:11!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁמַע *he heard* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* + יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | דִּבְרֵי *the words* | | | | יֵּחַתּוּ *they were dismayed* | wayyiqtol · niphal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* + יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | | יִּֽרְאוּ *they were afraid* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* + יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁמַע שָׁאוּל וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל יַת פִּתְגָמֵי פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה הָאִלֵין וְאִתְבָּרוּ וּדְחִילוּ לַחֲדָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.462/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:416`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 17:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.10/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.12/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/)