--- title: 1 Samuel 17:44 — And the Philistine said to David: 'Come to me, and I will give thy f… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the Philistine said to David: 'Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field.' Who acts: Philistine, I. 1 Samuel 17:44 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.44/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / 17:44 # 1 Samuel 17:44 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Philistine, I · **What happens:** say, come, give · **To what, where:** David, me, flesh · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 17:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistine, I — and what happens in the verse to David, me, flesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד לְכָ֣ה אֵלַ֔י וְאֶתְּנָה֙ אֶת־בְּשָׂ֣רְךָ֔ לְע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְבֶהֱמַ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ס [And the Philistine said to David: 'Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.498/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:449 # text = וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד לְכָ֣ה אֵלַ֔י וְאֶתְּנָה֙ אֶת־בְּשָׂ֣רְךָ֔ לְע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְבֶהֱמַ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ס # verse = 1SA.17.44 1-2 וַיֹּ֥אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:44!1|MId=o090170440011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֥אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_17:44!1|MId=o090170440012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090170440022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_17:44!2|MId=o090170440021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Philistine|Ref=1SA_17:44!2|MId=o090170440022|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_17:44!3|MId=o090170440031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 דָּוִ֑ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_17:44!4|MId=o090170440041|Strong=1732 7-8 לְכָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְכ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=come|Ref=1SA_17:44!5|MId=o090170440051|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090170440041;|Type=imperative 8 ָ֣ה ה X _ _ 7 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_17:44!5|MId=o090170440052|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 9-10 אֵלַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_17:44!6|MId=o090170440061|Strong=0413 10 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_17:44!6|MId=o090170440062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְאֶתְּנָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=1SA_17:44!7|MId=o090170440071|Strong=2050b 12 אֶתְּנָה֙ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 conj _ Gloss=that.I.may.give|Ref=1SA_17:44!7|MId=o090170440072|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:090170440022;A1:090170440091;|Type=yiqtol 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_17:44!8|MId=o090170440081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 בְּשָׂ֣רְךָ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּשָׂ֣ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=flesh|Ref=1SA_17:44!9|MId=o090170440091|Strong=1320 15 ְךָ֔ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_17:44!9|MId=o090170440092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16-17 לְע֥וֹף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_17:44!10|MId=o090170440101|Strong=3807a 17 ע֥וֹף עוֹף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=the.bird[s]|Ref=1SA_17:44!10|MId=o090170440102|Strong=5775 18-19 הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_17:44!11|MId=o090170440111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 שָּׁמַ֖יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=1SA_17:44!11|MId=o090170440112|Strong=8064 20-22 וּלְבֶהֱמַ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:44!12|MId=o090170440121|Strong=2050b 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_17:44!12|MId=o090170440122|Strong=3807a 22 בֶהֱמַ֥ת בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=the.animal[s]|Ref=1SA_17:44!12|MId=o090170440123|Strong=0929 23-24 הַשָּׂדֶֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_17:44!13|MId=o090170440131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 שָּׂדֶֽה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.field|Ref=1SA_17:44!13|MId=o090170440132|Strong=7704 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=1SA_17:44!13|SpaceAfter=No 26 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=1SA_17:44!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְּלִשְׁתִּי *Philistine* | | | | | לְכ *come* | imperative · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | אֶתְּנָה *that I may give* | yiqtol · qal | פְּלִשְׁתִּי *Philistine* | בְּשָׂר *flesh* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה לְדָוִד אִיתָא לְוָתִי וְאֶתֵּן יַת בִּסְרָךְ לְעוֹפָא דִשְׁמַיָא וְלִבְעִירָא דְאַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the Philistine said to David: 'Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.498/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:449`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 17:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.43/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.45/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/)