--- title: 1 Samuel 17:50 — So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David. Who acts: David, sword. 1 Samuel 17:50 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.50/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / 17:50 # 1 Samuel 17:50 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, sword · **What happens:** prevail, smote, slay, be · **To what, where:** Philistine, David, hand This is 1 Samuel 17:50 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, sword — and what happens in the verse to Philistine, David, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֶּחֱזַ֨ק דָּוִ֤ד מִן־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ בַּקֶּ֣לַע וּבָאֶ֔בֶן וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ וְחֶ֖רֶב אֵ֥ין בְּיַד־דָּוִֽד׃ [So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.504/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:455 # text = וַיֶּחֱזַ֨ק דָּוִ֤ד מִן־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ בַּקֶּ֣לַע וּבָאֶ֔בֶן וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ וְחֶ֖רֶב אֵ֥ין בְּיַד־דָּוִֽד׃ # verse = 1SA.17.50 1-2 וַיֶּחֱזַ֨ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:50!1|MId=o090170500011|Strong=2050b 2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.was.strong|Ref=1SA_17:50!1|MId=o090170500012|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:090170500021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֤ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_17:50!2|MId=o090170500021|Strong=1732 4 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=more.than|Ref=1SA_17:50!3|MId=o090170500031|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_17:50!4|MId=o090170500041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 פְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=Philistine|Ref=1SA_17:50!4|MId=o090170500042|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 7-9 בַּקֶּ֣לַע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_17:50!5|MId=o090170500051|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_17:50!5|MId=o090170500051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 קֶּ֣לַע קֶלַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=sling|Ref=1SA_17:50!5|MId=o090170500052|Strong=7050 10-13 וּבָאֶ֔בֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:50!6|MId=o090170500061|Strong=2050b 11 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_17:50!6|MId=o090170500062|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_17:50!6|MId=o090170500062ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אֶ֔בֶן אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=stone|Ref=1SA_17:50!6|MId=o090170500063|Strong=0068 14-15 וַיַּ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:50!7|MId=o090170500071|Strong=2050b 15 יַּ֥ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=1SA_17:50!7|MId=o090170500072|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:090170500021;A0:090170500092;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_17:50!8|MId=o090170500081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_17:50!9|MId=o090170500091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=Philistine|Ref=1SA_17:50!9|MId=o090170500092|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 19-21 וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:50!10|MId=o090170500101|Strong=2050b 20 יְמִית מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_17:50!10|MId=o090170500102|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:090170500021;A0:090170500103;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 ֵ֑הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=killed.him|Ref=1SA_17:50!10|MId=o090170500103|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 22-23 וְחֶ֖רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:50!11|MId=o090170500111|Strong=2050b 23 חֶ֖רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=a.sword|Ref=1SA_17:50!11|MId=o090170500112|Strong=2719 24 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=1SA_17:50!12|MId=o090170500121|Strong=0369|Type=negative 25-26 בְּיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_17:50!13|MId=o090170500131|Strong=0871a 26 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=1SA_17:50!13|MId=o090170500132|Strong=3027 27 דָּוִֽד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=1SA_17:50!14|MId=o090170500141|Strong=1732|SpaceAfter=No 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=1SA_17:50!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יֶּחֱזַק *he was strong* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | פְּלִשְׁתִּי *Philistine* | | | דָּוִד *David* | | יְמִית *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵהוּ *killed him* | | | דָּוִד *David* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּתְקֵיף דָוִד מִן פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה בְּקִלְעָא וּבְאַבְנָא וּמְחָא יַת פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה וְקַטְלֵיהּ וְחַרְבָּא לֵית בִּידָא דְדָוִד: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.504/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:455`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 17:49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.49/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.51/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/)