--- title: 1 Samuel 17:52 — And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou comest to Gai, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron. Who acts: men, thou, wounded. 1 Samuel 17:52 in Hebrew with it --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.52/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / 17:52 # 1 Samuel 17:52 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** men, thou, wounded · **What happens:** arise, shout, pursue, come, fall down · **To what, where:** Philistines, Gai, Shaaraim This is 1 Samuel 17:52 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, thou, wounded — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, Gai, Shaaraim, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וִיהוּדָ֜ה וַיָּרִ֗עוּ וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ֣ גַ֔יְא וְעַ֖ד שַׁעֲרֵ֣י עֶקְר֑וֹן וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ חַֽלְלֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם וְעַד־גַּ֖ת וְעַד־עֶקְרֽוֹן׃ [And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou comest to Gai, and to the gates of Ekron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.507/) [And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.508/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:457 # text = וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וִיהוּדָ֜ה וַיָּרִ֗עוּ וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ֣ גַ֔יְא וְעַ֖ד שַׁעֲרֵ֣י עֶקְר֑וֹן וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ חַֽלְלֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם וְעַד־גַּ֖ת וְעַד־עֶקְרֽוֹן׃ # verse = 1SA.17.52 1-2 וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!1|MId=o090170520011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּקֻ֣מוּ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.arose|Ref=1SA_17:52!1|MId=o090170520012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:090170520021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַנְשֵׁי֩ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.men|Ref=1SA_17:52!2|MId=o090170520021|Strong=0376 4 יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1SA_17:52!3|MId=o090170520031|Strong=3478 5-6 וִיהוּדָ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!4|MId=o090170520041|Strong=2050b 6 יהוּדָ֜ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=1SA_17:52!4|MId=o090170520042|Strong=3063 7-8 וַיָּרִ֗עוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!5|MId=o090170520051|Strong=2050b 8 יָּרִ֗עוּ רוּעַ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.shouted.a.war.cry|Ref=1SA_17:52!5|MId=o090170520052|Strong=7321|Frame=A0:090170520021;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!6|MId=o090170520061|Strong=2050b 10 יִּרְדְּפוּ֙ רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.pursued|Ref=1SA_17:52!6|MId=o090170520062|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:090170520021;A1:090170520082;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_17:52!7|MId=o090170520071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_17:52!8|MId=o090170520081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obj _ Gloss=Philistines|Ref=1SA_17:52!8|MId=o090170520082|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 14 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=1SA_17:52!9|MId=o090170520091|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 בּוֹאֲךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בּוֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 advcl _ Gloss=come|Ref=1SA_17:52!10|MId=o090170520101|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090170520102;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 ֲךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_17:52!10|MId=o090170520102|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17 גַ֔יְא גַּיְא NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=a.valley|Ref=1SA_17:52!11|MId=o090170520111|Strong=1516 18-19 וְעַ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!12|MId=o090170520121|Strong=2050b 19 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_17:52!12|MId=o090170520122|Strong=5704 20 שַׁעֲרֵ֣י שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=the.gates|Ref=1SA_17:52!13|MId=o090170520131|Strong=8179 21 עֶקְר֑וֹן עֶקְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ekron|Ref=1SA_17:52!14|MId=o090170520141|Strong=6138 22-23 וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!15|MId=o090170520151|Strong=2050b 23 יִּפְּל֞וּ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.fell|Ref=1SA_17:52!15|MId=o090170520152|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:090170520161;|Type=wayyiqtol 24 חַֽלְלֵ֤י חָלָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=[those].slain|Ref=1SA_17:52!16|MId=o090170520161|Strong=2491|Type=adjective 25 פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_17:52!17|MId=o090170520171|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 26-27 בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_17:52!18|MId=o090170520181|Strong=0871a 27 דֶ֣רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.way|Ref=1SA_17:52!18|MId=o090170520182|Strong=1870 28 שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם שַׁעֲרַיִם PROPN _ _ 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Shaaraim|Ref=1SA_17:52!19|MId=o090170520191|Strong=8189 29-30 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!20|MId=o090170520201|Strong=2050b 30 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_17:52!20|MId=o090170520202|Strong=5704 31 גַּ֖ת גַּת PROPN _ _ 27 conj _ Gloss=Gath|Ref=1SA_17:52!21|MId=o090170520211|Strong=1661 32-33 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_17:52!22|MId=o090170520221|Strong=2050b 33 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_17:52!22|MId=o090170520222|Strong=5704 34 עֶקְרֽוֹן עֶקְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 31 conj _ Gloss=Ekron|Ref=1SA_17:52!23|MId=o090170520231|Strong=6138|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1SA_17:52!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקֻמוּ *they arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַנְשֵׁי *the men* | | | | | יָּרִעוּ *they shouted a war cry* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אַנְשֵׁי *the men* | | | | | יִּרְדְּפוּ *they pursued* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַנְשֵׁי *the men* | פְּלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | בּוֹא *come* | infinitive construct · qal | ֲךָ *you* | | | | | יִּפְּלוּ *they fell* | wayyiqtol · qal | חַֽלְלֵי *\[those\] slain* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָמוּ אֱנָשֵׁי יִשְׂרָאֵל וִיהוּדָה וְיַבִּיבוּ וּרְדָפוּ יַת פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי עַד מַעֲלָנָא דְגַיְא וְעַד תַּרְעֵי עֶקְרוֹן וּנְפַלוּ קָטוֹלֵי פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי בְּאוֹרַח שַׁעֲרַיִם וְעַד גַת וְעַד עֶקְרוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou comest to Gai, and to the gates of Ekron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.507/) 2. [And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.508/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:457`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 17:51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.51/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.53/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/)