--- title: 1 Samuel 18:13 — Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people. Who acts: Saul. 1 Samuel 18:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/) / 18:13 # 1 Samuel 18:13 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul · **What happens:** remove, make, go out, come in · **To what, where:** David, captain, Saul, thousand This is 1 Samuel 18:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul — and what happens in the verse to David, captain, Saul, thousand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְסִרֵ֤הוּ שָׁאוּל֙ מֵֽעִמּ֔וֹ וַיְשִׂמֵ֥הוּ ל֖וֹ שַׂר־אָ֑לֶף וַיֵּצֵ֥א וַיָּבֹ֖א לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃פ [Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.527/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:476 # text = וַיְסִרֵ֤הוּ שָׁאוּל֙ מֵֽעִמּ֔וֹ וַיְשִׂמֵ֥הוּ ל֖וֹ שַׂר־אָ֑לֶף וַיֵּצֵ֥א וַיָּבֹ֖א לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃פ # verse = 1SA.18.13 1-3 וַיְסִרֵ֤הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:13!1|MId=o090180130011|Strong=2050b 2 יְסִר סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_18:13!1|MId=o090180130012|Strong=5493|Frame=A0:090180130013;AA:090180130021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ֵ֤הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=removed.him|Ref=1SA_18:13!1|MId=o090180130013|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 4 שָׁאוּל֙ שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_18:13!2|MId=o090180130021|Strong=7586 5-7 מֵֽעִמּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_18:13!3|MId=o090180130031|Strong=4480 6 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_18:13!3|MId=o090180130032|Strong=5973 7 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_18:13!3|MId=o090180130033|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-10 וַיְשִׂמֵ֥הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:13!4|MId=o090180130041|Strong=2050b 9 יְשִׂמ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_18:13!4|MId=o090180130042|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:090180130021;A1:090180130043;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 ֵ֥הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=appointed.him|Ref=1SA_18:13!4|MId=o090180130043|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 11-12 ל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(for|Ref=1SA_18:13!5|MId=o090180130051|Strong=3807a 12 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=himself|Ref=1SA_18:13!5|MId=o090180130052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 שַׂר־ שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 xcomp _ Gloss=a.commander|Ref=1SA_18:13!6|MId=o090180130061|Strong=8269|SpaceAfter=No 14 אָ֑לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.thousand|Ref=1SA_18:13!7|MId=o090180130071|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 15-16 וַיֵּצֵ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:13!8|MId=o090180130081|Strong=2050b 16 יֵּצֵ֥א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went.out|Ref=1SA_18:13!8|MId=o090180130082|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:090180120041;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 וַיָּבֹ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:13!9|MId=o090180130091|Strong=2050b 18 יָּבֹ֖א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=1SA_18:13!9|MId=o090180130092|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090180120041;|Type=wayyiqtol 19-20 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_18:13!10|MId=o090180130101|Strong=3807a 20 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_18:13!10|MId=o090180130102|Strong=6440 21-22 הָעָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_18:13!11|MId=o090180130111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 עָֽם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=1SA_18:13!11|MId=o090180130112|Strong=5971 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:13!11|SpaceAfter=No 24 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:13!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְסִר *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵהוּ *removed him* | | | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | יְשִׂמ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | ֵהוּ *appointed him* | | | | יֵּצֵא *he went out* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָּבֹא *he came* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַפְנְיֵיהּ שָׁאוּל מִלְוָתֵיהּ וּמַנְיֵיהּ לֵיה רַב אַלְפָא וּנְפַק וְעַל בְּרֵישׁ עַמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.527/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:476`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 18:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.12/) - next →: [1 Samuel 18:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.14/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/)