--- title: 1 Samuel 18:17 — And Saul said to David: 'Behold my elder daughter Merab, her will I… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Saul said to David: 'Behold my elder daughter Merab, her will I give thee to wife; only be thou valiant for me, and fight the LORD'S battles.' For Saul said: 'Let not my hand be upon him, but let the hand of the Philistines be upon him.' Who acts: Saul, I, thou, hand. 1 Samuel 18:17 in Hebrew wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/) / 18:17 # 1 Samuel 18:17 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul, I, thou, hand, LORD · **What happens:** say, behold, give, be, fight, not let · **To what, where:** David, elder daughter, Merab, thee, battles, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 18:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, I, thou, hand, LORD — and what happens in the verse to David, elder daughter, Merab, thee, battles, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד הִנֵּה֩ בִתִּ֨י הַגְּדוֹלָ֤ה מֵרַב֙ אֹתָהּ֙ אֶתֶּן־לְךָ֣ לְאִשָּׁ֔ה אַ֚ךְ הֱיֵה־לִּ֣י לְבֶן־חַ֔יִל וְהִלָּחֵ֖ם מִלְחֲמ֣וֹת יְהוָ֑ה וְשָׁא֣וּל אָמַ֗ר אַל־תְּהִ֤י יָדִי֙ בּ֔וֹ וּתְהִי־ב֖וֹ יַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ס [And Saul said to David: 'Behold my elder daughter Merab, her will I give thee to wife; only be thou valiant for me, and fight the LORD'S battles.' For Saul said: 'Let not my hand be upon him, but let the hand of the Philistines be upon him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.531/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:480 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד הִנֵּה֩ בִתִּ֨י הַגְּדוֹלָ֤ה מֵרַב֙ אֹתָהּ֙ אֶתֶּן־לְךָ֣ לְאִשָּׁ֔ה אַ֚ךְ הֱיֵה־לִּ֣י לְבֶן־חַ֔יִל וְהִלָּחֵ֖ם מִלְחֲמ֣וֹת יְהוָ֑ה וְשָׁא֣וּל אָמַ֗ר אַל־תְּהִ֤י יָדִי֙ בּ֔וֹ וּתְהִי־ב֖וֹ יַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ס # verse = 1SA.18.17 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:17!1|MId=o090180170011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_18:17!1|MId=o090180170012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090180170021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁא֜וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_18:17!2|MId=o090180170021|Strong=7586 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:17!3|MId=o090180170031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 דָּוִ֗ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_18:17!4|MId=o090180170041|Strong=1732 6 הִנֵּה֩ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 7 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1SA_18:17!5|MId=o090180170051|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 7-8 בִתִּ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בִתּ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=daughter|Ref=1SA_18:17!6|MId=o090180170061|Strong=1323 8 ִ֨י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_18:17!6|MId=o090180170062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 הַגְּדוֹלָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_18:17!7|MId=o090180170071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 גְּדוֹלָ֤ה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 amod _ Gloss=old|Ref=1SA_18:17!7|MId=o090180170072|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 11 מֵרַב֙ מֵרָב PROPN _ _ 7 appos _ Gloss=Merab|Ref=1SA_18:17!8|MId=o090180170081|Strong=4764 12-13 אֹתָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_18:17!9|MId=o090180170091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Gloss=her|Ref=1SA_18:17!9|MId=o090180170092|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 14 אֶתֶּן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.give|Ref=1SA_18:17!10|MId=o090180170101|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:090180170021;A1:090180170092;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 לְךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:17!11|MId=o090180170111|Strong=3807a 16 ְךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_18:17!11|MId=o090180170112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17-18 לְאִשָּׁ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:17!12|MId=o090180170121|Strong=3807a 18 אִשָּׁ֔ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=a.wife|Ref=1SA_18:17!12|MId=o090180170122|Strong=0802 19 אַ֚ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=1SA_18:17!13|MId=o090180170131|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 20 הֱיֵה־ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 24 cop _ Gloss=become|Ref=1SA_18:17!14|MId=o090180170141|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090180170041;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 לִּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_18:17!15|MId=o090180170151|Strong=3807a 22 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_18:17!15|MId=o090180170152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 23-24 לְבֶן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=1SA_18:17!16|MId=o090180170161|Strong=3807a 24 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ Gloss=son|Ref=1SA_18:17!16|MId=o090180170162|Strong=1121 25 חַ֔יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=1SA_18:17!17|MId=o090180170171|Strong=2428 26-27 וְהִלָּחֵ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:17!18|MId=o090180170181|Strong=2050b 27 הִלָּחֵ֖ם לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=fight|Ref=1SA_18:17!18|MId=o090180170182|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:090180170041;A1:090180170191;|Type=imperative 28 מִלְחֲמ֣וֹת מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 27 obj _ Gloss=the.battles|Ref=1SA_18:17!19|MId=o090180170191|Strong=4421 29 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1SA_18:17!20|MId=o090180170201|Strong=3068 30-31 וְשָׁא֣וּל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:17!21|MId=o090180170211|Strong=2050b 31 שָׁא֣וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 32 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_18:17!21|MId=o090180170212|Strong=7586 32 אָמַ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_18:17!22|MId=o090180170221|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090180170212;|Type=qatal 33 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 38 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_18:17!23|MId=o090180170231|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 34 תְּהִ֤י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 38 cop _ Gloss=let.it.be|Ref=1SA_18:17!24|MId=o090180170241|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090180170251;|Type=jussive 35-36 יָדִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=1SA_18:17!25|MId=o090180170251|Strong=3027 36 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_18:17!25|MId=o090180170252|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 37-38 בּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_18:17!26|MId=o090180170261|Strong=0871a 38 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 ccomp _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_18:17!26|MId=o090180170262|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 39-40 וּתְהִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 42 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:17!27|MId=o090180170271|Strong=2050b 40 תְהִי־ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 42 cop _ Gloss=let.it.be|Ref=1SA_18:17!27|MId=o090180170272|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090180170291;|Type=jussive 41-42 ב֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_18:17!28|MId=o090180170281|Strong=0871a 42 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 conj _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_18:17!28|MId=o090180170282|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 43 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=1SA_18:17!29|MId=o090180170291|Strong=3027|SpaceAfter=No 44 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 43 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_18:17!30|MId=o090180170301|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic|SpaceAfter=No 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:17!30|SpaceAfter=No 46 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:17!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | אֶתֶּן־ *I will give* | yiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | ָהּ *her* | | | | הֱיֵה־ *become* | imperative · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | הִלָּחֵם *fight* | imperative · niphal | דָּוִד *David* | מִלְחֲמוֹת *the battles* | | | | אָמַר *he said* | qatal · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | תְּהִי *let it be* | jussive · qal | יָד *hand* | | | | | תְהִי־ *let it be* | jussive · qal | יַד־ *the hand* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל לְדָוִד הָא בְרַתִּי רַבְּתָא מֵרַב יָתָהּ אֶתֵּן לָךְ לְאִתּוּ בְּרַם הֱוֵי לִי לִגְבַר עָבֵיד קְרָבִי וְאַגַח קְרָבָא דְעַמֵיהּ דַייָ וְשָׁאוּל אֲמַר לָא תְהֵי יְדִי בֵּיהּ וְיִתְמְסַר בִּידָא דִפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Saul said to David: 'Behold my elder daughter Merab, her will I give thee to wife; only be thou valiant for me, and fight the LORD'S battles.' For Saul said: 'Let not my hand be upon him, but let the hand of the Philistines be upon him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.531/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:480`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 18:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.16/) - next →: [1 Samuel 18:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.18/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/)