--- title: 1 Samuel 18:18 — And David said unto Saul: 'Who am I, and what is my life, or my fath… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David said unto Saul: 'Who am I, and what is my life, or my father's family in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?' Who acts: David, I. 1 Samuel 18:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/) / 18:18 # 1 Samuel 18:18 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, I · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** life, son, law · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 18:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I — and what happens in the verse to life, son, law, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־שָׁא֗וּל מִ֤י אָֽנֹכִי֙ וּמִ֣י חַיַּ֔י מִשְׁפַּ֥חַת אָבִ֖י בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּֽי־אֶהְיֶ֥ה חָתָ֖ן לַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [And David said unto Saul: 'Who am I, and what is my life, or my father's family in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.532/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:481 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־שָׁא֗וּל מִ֤י אָֽנֹכִי֙ וּמִ֣י חַיַּ֔י מִשְׁפַּ֥חַת אָבִ֖י בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּֽי־אֶהְיֶ֥ה חָתָ֖ן לַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 1SA.18.18 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:18!1|MId=o090180180011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_18:18!1|MId=o090180180012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090180180021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֜ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_18:18!2|MId=o090180180021|Strong=1732 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:18!3|MId=o090180180031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 שָׁא֗וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_18:18!4|MId=o090180180041|Strong=7586 6 מִ֤י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 2 ccomp _ Gloss=who?|Ref=1SA_18:18!5|MId=o090180180051|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 7 אָֽנֹכִי֙ אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ Gloss=[am].I|Ref=1SA_18:18!6|MId=o090180180061|Strong=0595|Type=personal 8-9 וּמִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:18!7|MId=o090180180071|Strong=2050b 9 מִ֣י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 6 conj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=1SA_18:18!7|MId=o090180180072|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 10-11 חַיַּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 חַיּ חַיִּים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=kinsfolk|Ref=1SA_18:18!8|MId=o090180180081|Strong=2416b 11 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[are].my|Ref=1SA_18:18!8|MId=o090180180082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 מִשְׁפַּ֥חַת מִשְׁפַּחַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=the.clan|Ref=1SA_18:18!9|MId=o090180180091|Strong=4940 13-14 אָבִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.father|Ref=1SA_18:18!10|MId=o090180180101|Strong=0001 14 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_18:18!10|MId=o090180180102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-16 בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_18:18!11|MId=o090180180111|Strong=0871a 16 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_18:18!11|MId=o090180180112|Strong=3478 17 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1SA_18:18!12|MId=o090180180121|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 18 אֶהְיֶ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 19 cop _ Gloss=I.will.be|Ref=1SA_18:18!13|MId=o090180180131|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090180180021;|Type=yiqtol 19 חָתָ֖ן חָתָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 parataxis _ Gloss=a.son-in-law|Ref=1SA_18:18!14|MId=o090180180141|Strong=2860 20-22 לַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_18:18!15|MId=o090180180151|Strong=3807a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_18:18!15|MId=o090180180151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nmod _ Gloss=king|Ref=1SA_18:18!15|MId=o090180180152|Strong=4428 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:18!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | אֶהְיֶה *I will be* | yiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְשָׁאוּל מַן אֲנָא וּמַן חַיַי (בְּרַם) זַרְעִית אַבָּא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי אֲהֵי חֲתָנָא לְמַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David said unto Saul: 'Who am I, and what is my life, or my father's family in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.532/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:481`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 18:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.17/) - next →: [1 Samuel 18:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.19/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/)