--- title: 1 Samuel 18:27 — and David arose and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistine… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and David arose and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistines two hundred men; and David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full number to the king, that he might be the king's son-in-law. And Saul gave him Michal his daughter to wife. Who acts: David, foreskins, Saul. 1 Samuel 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/) / 18:27 # 1 Samuel 18:27 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, foreskins, Saul · **What happens:** arise, go, slew, bring, give, be · **To what, where:** hundred men, foreskins, men, king, full number, son This is 1 Samuel 18:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, foreskins, Saul — and what happens in the verse to hundred men, foreskins, men, king, full number, son, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֨קָם דָּוִ֜ד וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ׀ ה֣וּא וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו וַיַּ֣ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים֮ מָאתַ֣יִם אִישׁ֒ וַיָּבֵ֤א דָוִד֙ אֶת־עָרְלֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם וַיְמַלְא֣וּם לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ שָׁא֛וּל אֶת־מִיכַ֥ל בִּתּ֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃ס [and David arose and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistines two hundred men; and David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full number to the king, that he might be the king's son-in-law.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.543/) [And Saul gave him Michal his daughter to wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.544/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:490 # text = וַיָּ֨קָם דָּוִ֜ד וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ׀ ה֣וּא וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו וַיַּ֣ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים֮ מָאתַ֣יִם אִישׁ֒ וַיָּבֵ֤א דָוִד֙ אֶת־עָרְלֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם וַיְמַלְא֣וּם לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ שָׁא֛וּל אֶת־מִיכַ֥ל בִּתּ֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃ס # verse = 1SA.18.27 1-2 וַיָּ֨קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:27!1|MId=o090180270011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֨קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=1SA_18:27!1|MId=o090180270012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:090180270021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֜ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_18:27!2|MId=o090180270021|Strong=1732 4-5 וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:27!3|MId=o090180270031|Strong=2050b 5 יֵּ֣לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=1SA_18:27!3|MId=o090180270032|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090180270041;090180270052;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:27!3 7 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_18:27!4|MId=o090180270041|Strong=1931|Type=personal 8-10 וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:27!5|MId=o090180270051|Strong=2050b 9 אֲנָשָׁ֗י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=1SA_18:27!5|MId=o090180270052|Strong=0376 10 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_18:27!5|MId=o090180270053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וַיַּ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:27!6|MId=o090180270061|Strong=2050b 12 יַּ֣ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=1SA_18:27!6|MId=o090180270062|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:090180270021;A0:090180270091;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-15 בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=1SA_18:27!7|MId=o090180270071|Strong=0871a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_18:27!7|MId=o090180270071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֮ פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=Philistines|Ref=1SA_18:27!7|MId=o090180270072|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 16 מָאתַ֣יִם מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Dual 17 nummod _ Gloss=two.hundred|Ref=1SA_18:27!8|MId=o090180270081|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 17 אִישׁ֒ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=man|Ref=1SA_18:27!9|MId=o090180270091|Strong=0376 18-19 וַיָּבֵ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:27!10|MId=o090180270101|Strong=2050b 19 יָּבֵ֤א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.brought|Ref=1SA_18:27!10|MId=o090180270102|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:090180270111;A0:090180270131;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 דָוִד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_18:27!11|MId=o090180270111|Strong=1732 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_18:27!12|MId=o090180270121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 עָרְלֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 עָרְלֹ֣תֵי עׇרְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=foreskins|Ref=1SA_18:27!13|MId=o090180270131|Strong=6190 23 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_18:27!13|MId=o090180270132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-26 וַיְמַלְא֣וּם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:27!14|MId=o090180270141|Strong=2050b 25 יְמַלְא֣וּ מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=1SA_18:27!14|MId=o090180270142|Strong=4390|Frame=A0:090180270111;090180270052;A1:090180270143;|Type=wayyiqtol 26 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=gave.them.in.full|Ref=1SA_18:27!14|MId=o090180270143|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27-29 לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:27!15|MId=o090180270151|Strong=3807a 28 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_18:27!15|MId=o090180270151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=1SA_18:27!15|MId=o090180270152|Strong=4428 30-31 לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:27!16|MId=o090180270161|Strong=3807a 31 הִתְחַתֵּ֖ן חָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=HITHPAEL 25 advcl _ Gloss=be.son-in-law|Ref=1SA_18:27!16|MId=o090180270162|Strong=2859|Frame=A0:090180270111;|Type=infinitive_construct 32-34 בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:27!17|MId=o090180270171|Strong=0871a 33 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_18:27!17|MId=o090180270171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 מֶּ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=1SA_18:27!17|MId=o090180270172|Strong=4428 35-36 וַיִּתֶּן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_18:27!18|MId=o090180270181|Strong=2050b 36 יִּתֶּן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.gave|Ref=1SA_18:27!18|MId=o090180270182|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:090180270201;A1:090180270221;|Type=wayyiqtol 37-38 ל֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 ל לְ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:27!19|MId=o090180270191|Strong=3807a 38 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_18:27!19|MId=o090180270192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 39 שָׁא֛וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 36 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_18:27!20|MId=o090180270201|Strong=7586 40 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_18:27!21|MId=o090180270211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 41 מִיכַ֥ל מִיכַל PROPN _ _ 36 obj _ Gloss=Michal|Ref=1SA_18:27!22|MId=o090180270221|Strong=4324 42-43 בִּתּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 בִּתּ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 41 appos _ Gloss=daughter|Ref=1SA_18:27!23|MId=o090180270231|Strong=1323 43 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_18:27!23|MId=o090180270232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 44-45 לְאִשָּֽׁה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_18:27!24|MId=o090180270241|Strong=3807a 45 אִשָּֽׁה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=a.wife|Ref=1SA_18:27!24|MId=o090180270242|Strong=0802 46 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 45 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:27!24|SpaceAfter=No 47 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 45 punct _ Ref=1SA_18:27!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | הוּא *he* + אֲנָשָׁי *men* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אִישׁ *man* | | | דָּוִד *David* | | יָּבֵא *he brought* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | עָרְלֹתֵי *foreskins* | | | דָוִד *David* | | יְמַלְאוּ *people* | wayyiqtol · piel | דָוִד *David* + אֲנָשָׁי *men* | ם *gave them in full* | | | | הִתְחַתֵּן *be son-in-law* | infinitive construct · hithpael | דָוִד *David* | | | | | יִּתֶּן־ *he gave* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | מִיכַל *Michal* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָם דָוִד וַאֲזַל הוּא וְגַבְרוֹהִי וּקְטַל בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי מָאתָן גַבְרָא וְאַיְתֵי דָוִד יַת עָרְלַתְהוֹן וְאַשְׁלֵמִינוּן לְמַלְכָּא לְאִתְחַתָּנָא בְּמַלְכָּא וִיהַב לֵיה שָׁאוּל יַת מִיכַל בְּרַתֵּיהּ לְאִתּוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and David arose and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistines two hundred men; and David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full number to the king, that he might be the king's son-in-law.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.543/) 2. [And Saul gave him Michal his daughter to wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.544/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:490`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 18:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.26/) - next →: [1 Samuel 18:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.28/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/18/)