--- title: 1 Samuel 19:22 — Then went he also to Ramah, and came to the great cistern that is in… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then went he also to Ramah, and came to the great cistern that is in Secu; and he asked and said: 'Where are Samuel and David?' And one said: 'Behold, they are at Naioth in Ramah.' Who acts: Saul, great cistern, one, messengers. 1 Samuel 19:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/19/) / 19:22 # 1 Samuel 19:22 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul, great cistern, one, messengers · **What happens:** go, come, be, ask, say · **To what, where:** Ramah, great cistern, Secu, Samuel, Naioth · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 19:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, great cistern, one, messengers — and what happens in the verse to Ramah, great cistern, Secu, Samuel, Naioth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ גַּם־ה֜וּא הָרָמָ֗תָה וַיָּבֹא֙ עַד־בּ֤וֹר הַגָּדוֹל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשֶּׂ֔כוּ וַיִּשְׁאַ֣ל וַיֹּ֔אמֶר אֵיפֹ֥ה שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל וְדָוִ֑ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הִנֵּ֖ה בְּנָי֥וֹת בָּרָמָֽה׃ [Then went he also to Ramah, and came to the great cistern that is in Secu; and he asked and said: 'Where are Samuel and David?' And one said: 'Behold, they are at Naioth in Ramah.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.572/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:515 # text = וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ גַּם־ה֜וּא הָרָמָ֗תָה וַיָּבֹא֙ עַד־בּ֤וֹר הַגָּדוֹל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשֶּׂ֔כוּ וַיִּשְׁאַ֣ל וַיֹּ֔אמֶר אֵיפֹ֥ה שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל וְדָוִ֑ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הִנֵּ֖ה בְּנָי֥וֹת בָּרָמָֽה׃ # verse = 1SA.19.22 1-2 וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:22!1|MId=o090190220011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=1SA_19:22!1|MId=o090190220012|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090190220031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1SA_19:22!2|MId=o090190220021|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 4 ה֜וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_19:22!3|MId=o090190220031|Strong=1931|Type=personal 5-7 הָרָמָ֗תָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_19:22!4|MId=o090190220041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 רָמָ֗ת רָמָה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_19:22!4|MId=o090190220042|Strong=7414 7 ָה ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=Ramah|Ref=1SA_19:22!4|MId=o090190220043|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 8-9 וַיָּבֹא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:22!5|MId=o090190220051|Strong=2050b 9 יָּבֹא֙ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=1SA_19:22!5|MId=o090190220052|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090190210101;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_19:22!6|MId=o090190220061|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 11 בּ֤וֹר בּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=a.cistern|Ref=1SA_19:22!7|MId=o090190220071|Strong=0953 12-13 הַגָּדוֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_19:22!8|MId=o090190220081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 גָּדוֹל֙ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=1SA_19:22!8|MId=o090190220082|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 14 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1SA_19:22!9|MId=o090190220091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15-17 בַּשֶּׂ֔כוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=[is].in|Ref=1SA_19:22!10|MId=o090190220101|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_19:22!10|MId=o090190220101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 שֶּׂ֔כוּ שֵׂכוּ PROPN _ _ 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Secu|Ref=1SA_19:22!10|MId=o090190220102|Strong=7906 18-19 וַיִּשְׁאַ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:22!11|MId=o090190220111|Strong=2050b 19 יִּשְׁאַ֣ל שָׁאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.asked|Ref=1SA_19:22!11|MId=o090190220112|Strong=7592|Frame=A0:090190210101;|Type=wayyiqtol 20-21 וַיֹּ֔אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:22!12|MId=o090190220121|Strong=2050b 21 יֹּ֔אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_19:22!12|MId=o090190220122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090190210101;|Type=wayyiqtol 22 אֵיפֹ֥ה אֵיפֹה PART _ _ 21 ccomp _ Gloss=where?|Ref=1SA_19:22!13|MId=o090190220131|Strong=0375|Type=interrogative 23 שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל שְׁמוּאֵל PROPN _ _ 22 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].Samuel|Ref=1SA_19:22!14|MId=o090190220141|Strong=8050 24-25 וְדָוִ֑ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:22!15|MId=o090190220151|Strong=2050b 25 דָוִ֑ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 23 conj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_19:22!15|MId=o090190220152|Strong=1732 26-27 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:22!16|MId=o090190220161|Strong=2050b 27 יֹּ֕אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=someone.said|Ref=1SA_19:22!16|MId=o090190220162|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 הִנֵּ֖ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 30 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=1SA_19:22!17|MId=o090190220171|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 29-30 בְּנָי֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=1SA_19:22!19|MId=o090190220191|Strong=0871a 30 נָי֥וֹת נָיֹות PROPN _ _ 27 ccomp _ Gloss=Naioth|Ref=1SA_19:22!19|MId=o090190220192|Strong=5121b 31-33 בָּרָמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_19:22!20|MId=o090190220201|Strong=0871a 32 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_19:22!20|MId=o090190220201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 רָמָֽה רָמָה PROPN _ _ 30 nmod _ Gloss=Ramah|Ref=1SA_19:22!20|MId=o090190220202|Strong=7414 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1SA_19:22!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | יָּבֹא *he came* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּשְׁאַל *he asked* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *someone said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲזַל אַף הוּא לְרָמָתָא וַאֲתָא עַד גוּבָא רַבָּא דִי בְשֵׂכוּ וּשְׁאַל וַאֲמַר אֵיכֹא שְׁמוּאֵל וְדָוִד וַאֲמַר הָא בְּבֵית אוּלְפָנָא בְּרָמָתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then went he also to Ramah, and came to the great cistern that is in Secu; and he asked and said: 'Where are Samuel and David?' And one said: 'Behold, they are at Naioth in Ramah.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.572/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:515`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 19:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.21/) - next →: [1 Samuel 19:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.23/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/19/)