--- title: 1 Samuel 19:7 — And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan told him all those things. A… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan told him all those things. And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence, as beforetime. Who acts: Jonathan, David. 1 Samuel 19:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/19/) / 19:7 # 1 Samuel 19:7 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Jonathan, David · **What happens:** call, tell, bring, be · **To what, where:** David, things, Saul, presence · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 19:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonathan, David — and what happens in the verse to David, things, Saul, presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקְרָ֤א יְהוֹנָתָן֙ לְדָוִ֔ד וַיַּגֶּד־לוֹ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיָּבֵ֨א יְהוֹנָתָ֤ן אֶת־דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיְהִ֥י לְפָנָ֖יו כְּאֶתְמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ס [And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan told him all those things.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.554/) [And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence, as beforetime.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.555/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:500 # text = וַיִּקְרָ֤א יְהוֹנָתָן֙ לְדָוִ֔ד וַיַּגֶּד־לוֹ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיָּבֵ֨א יְהוֹנָתָ֤ן אֶת־דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיְהִ֥י לְפָנָ֖יו כְּאֶתְמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ס # verse = 1SA.19.7 1-2 וַיִּקְרָ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:7!1|MId=o090190070011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקְרָ֤א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.called|Ref=1SA_19:7!1|MId=o090190070012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:090190070021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹנָתָן֙ יְהוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=1SA_19:7!2|MId=o090190070021|Strong=3083 4-5 לְדָוִ֔ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_19:7!3|MId=o090190070031|Strong=3807a 5 דָוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_19:7!3|MId=o090190070032|Strong=1732 6-7 וַיַּגֶּד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:7!4|MId=o090190070041|Strong=2050b 7 יַּגֶּד־ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.told|Ref=1SA_19:7!4|MId=o090190070042|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:090190070061;A0:090190070092;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-9 לוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 ל לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_19:7!5|MId=o090190070051|Strong=3807a 9 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_19:7!5|MId=o090190070052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן יְהוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=1SA_19:7!6|MId=o090190070061|Strong=3083 11 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_19:7!7|MId=o090190070071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_19:7!8|MId=o090190070081|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הַדְּבָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_19:7!9|MId=o090190070091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 דְּבָרִ֖ים דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=words|Ref=1SA_19:7!9|MId=o090190070092|Strong=1697 15-16 הָאֵ֑לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_19:7!10|MId=o090190070101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אֵ֑לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 14 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=1SA_19:7!10|MId=o090190070102|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 17-18 וַיָּבֵ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:7!11|MId=o090190070111|Strong=2050b 18 יָּבֵ֨א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.brought|Ref=1SA_19:7!11|MId=o090190070112|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:090190070121;A0:090190070141;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 יְהוֹנָתָ֤ן יְהוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 18 nsubj _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=1SA_19:7!12|MId=o090190070121|Strong=3083 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_19:7!13|MId=o090190070131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 21 דָּוִד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 18 obj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_19:7!14|MId=o090190070141|Strong=1732 22 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_19:7!15|MId=o090190070151|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 23 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 18 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_19:7!16|MId=o090190070161|Strong=7586 24-25 וַיְהִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_19:7!17|MId=o090190070171|Strong=2050b 25 יְהִ֥י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=1SA_19:7!17|MId=o090190070172|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090190070141;|Type=wayyiqtol 26-28 לְפָנָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_19:7!18|MId=o090190070181|Strong=3807a 27 פָנָ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_19:7!18|MId=o090190070182|Strong=6440 28 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_19:7!18|MId=o090190070183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 29-30 כְּאֶתְמ֥וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=1SA_19:7!19|MId=o090190070191|Strong=3509a 30 אֶתְמ֥וֹל אֶתְמוֹל ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=yesterday|Ref=1SA_19:7!19|MId=o090190070192|Strong=0865 31 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם שִׁלְשֹׁום ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 advmod _ Gloss=three.days.ago|Ref=1SA_19:7!20|MId=o090190070201|Strong=8032|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1SA_19:7!20|SpaceAfter=No 33 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1SA_19:7!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְרָא *he called* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | | | | | יַּגֶּד־ *he told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | דְּבָרִים *words* | | | יְהוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | | יָּבֵא *he brought* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | דָּוִד *David* | | | יְהוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | | יְהִי *he was* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּקְרָא יְהוֹנָתָן לְדָוִד וְחַוֵי לֵיהּ יְהוֹנָתָן יַת כָּל פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין וְאַיְתֵי יְהוֹנָתָן יַת דָוִד לְוַת שָׁאוּל וַהֲוָה מְשַׁמֵשׁ קֳדָמוֹהִי כְּמֵאִיתְמַלֵי וּמִדְקָדָמוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan told him all those things.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.554/) 2. [And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence, as beforetime.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.555/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:500`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 19:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.6/) - next →: [1 Samuel 19:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.8/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/19/)