--- title: 1 Samuel 2:25 — If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man si… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall entreat for him?' But they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them. Who acts: one man, God, man, men. 1 Samuel 2:25 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jona --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/2/) / 2:25 # 1 Samuel 2:25 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** one man, God, man, men, LORD · **What happens:** sin, judge, entreat, not hearken, slay · **To what, where:** LORD, men This is 1 Samuel 2:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — one man, God, man, men, LORD — and what happens in the verse to LORD, men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אִם־יֶחֱטָ֨א אִ֤ישׁ לְאִישׁ֙ וּפִֽלְל֣וֹ אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְאִ֤ם לַֽיהוָה֙ יֶֽחֱטָא־אִ֔ישׁ מִ֖י יִתְפַּלֶּל־ל֑וֹ וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁמְעוּ֙ לְק֣וֹל אֲבִיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־חָפֵ֥ץ יְהוָ֖ה לַהֲמִיתָֽם׃ [If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall entreat for him?' But they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.56/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:52 # text = אִם־יֶחֱטָ֨א אִ֤ישׁ לְאִישׁ֙ וּפִֽלְל֣וֹ אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְאִ֤ם לַֽיהוָה֙ יֶֽחֱטָא־אִ֔ישׁ מִ֖י יִתְפַּלֶּל־ל֑וֹ וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁמְעוּ֙ לְק֣וֹל אֲבִיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־חָפֵ֥ץ יְהוָ֖ה לַהֲמִיתָֽם׃ # verse = 1SA.2.25 1 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_2:25!1|MId=o090020250011|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 2 יֶחֱטָ֨א חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.sin|Ref=1SA_2:25!2|MId=o090020250021|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:090020250031;|Type=yiqtol 3 אִ֤ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=1SA_2:25!3|MId=o090020250031|Strong=0376 4-5 לְאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_2:25!4|MId=o090020250041|Strong=3807a 5 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=1SA_2:25!4|MId=o090020250042|Strong=0376 6-8 וּפִֽלְל֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_2:25!5|MId=o090020250051|Strong=2050b 7 פִֽלְל פָּלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_2:25!5|MId=o090020250052|Strong=6419|Frame=A1:090020250053;A0:090020250061;|Type=weqatal 8 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ Gloss=will.mediate.for.him|Ref=1SA_2:25!5|MId=o090020250053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_2:25!6|MId=o090020250061|Strong=0430 10-11 וְאִ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_2:25!7|MId=o090020250071|Strong=2050b 11 אִ֤ם אִם SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_2:25!7|MId=o090020250072|Strong=0518 12-13 לַֽיהוָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_2:25!8|MId=o090020250081|Strong=3807a 13 יהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_2:25!8|MId=o090020250082|Strong=3068 14 יֶֽחֱטָא־ חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.sin|Ref=1SA_2:25!9|MId=o090020250091|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:090020250101;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 15 אִ֔ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=1SA_2:25!10|MId=o090020250101|Strong=0376 16 מִ֖י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 17 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=1SA_2:25!11|MId=o090020250111|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 17 יִתְפַּלֶּל־ פָּלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=will.he.intercede|Ref=1SA_2:25!12|MId=o090020250121|Strong=6419|Frame=A0:090020250111;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 ל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 ל לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_2:25!13|MId=o090020250131|Strong=3807a 19 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_2:25!13|MId=o090020250132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_2:25!14|MId=o090020250141|Strong=2050b 21 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_2:25!14|MId=o090020250142|Strong=3808|Type=negative 22 יִשְׁמְעוּ֙ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=they.listened|Ref=1SA_2:25!15|MId=o090020250151|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:090020220091;|Type=yiqtol 23-24 לְק֣וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_2:25!16|MId=o090020250161|Strong=3807a 24 ק֣וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=1SA_2:25!16|MId=o090020250162|Strong=6963 25-26 אֲבִיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 אֲבִי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.father|Ref=1SA_2:25!17|MId=o090020250171|Strong=0001 26 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_2:25!17|MId=o090020250172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_2:25!18|MId=o090020250181|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 28 חָפֵ֥ץ חָפֵץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 advcl _ Gloss=he.desired|Ref=1SA_2:25!19|MId=o090020250191|Strong=2654|Frame=A0:090020250201;|Type=qatal 29 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 28 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_2:25!20|MId=o090020250201|Strong=3068 30-32 לַהֲמִיתָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_2:25!21|MId=o090020250211|Strong=3807a 31 הֲמִית מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 28 advcl _ Gloss=put|Ref=1SA_2:25!21|MId=o090020250212|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:090020250201;A0:090020250213;|Type=infinitive_construct 32 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ Gloss=them.to.death|Ref=1SA_2:25!21|MId=o090020250213|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1SA_2:25!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֶחֱטָא *he will sin* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | | פִֽלְל *he* | weqatal · piel | אֱלֹהִים *God* | וֹ *will mediate for him* | | | | יֶֽחֱטָא־ *he will sin* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | | יִתְפַּלֶּל־ *will he intercede* | yiqtol · hithpael | מִי *who?* | | | | | **not** יִשְׁמְעוּ *they listened* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | חָפֵץ *he desired* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | הֲמִית *put* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָֽם *them to death* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אִם יֵחוֹב גְבַר לִגְבַר הֲלָא יֵיתוּן לָקֳדָם דַיָנָא וְיִשְׁמַע מִלֵיהוֹן וְיַפְלֵי בֵינֵיהוֹן וְאִם קֳדָם יְיָ יֵיחוֹב גַבְרָא מִמָן יִבְעֵי וְיִשְׁתְּבֵיק לֵיהּ וְלָא קַבִּילוּ לְמֵימַר אֲבוּהוֹן אֲרֵי רַעֲוָא קֳדָם יְיָ לְקַטָלוּתְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall entreat for him?' But they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.56/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:52`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 2:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.24/) - next →: [1 Samuel 2:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.26/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/2/)