--- title: 1 Samuel 20:13 — The LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my fathe… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my father to do thee evil, if I disclose it not unto thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace; and the LORD be with thee, as He hath been with my father. Who acts: LORD, good, I, thou. 1 Samuel 20:13 in Hebrew with its depende --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / 20:13 # 1 Samuel 20:13 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** LORD, good, I, thou · **What happens:** do, please, not disclose, send away, go, be · **To what, where:** Jonathan, father, thee, good, peace This is 1 Samuel 20:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, good, I, thou — and what happens in the verse to Jonathan, father, thee, good, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּֽה־יַעֲשֶׂה֩ יְהוָ֨ה לִֽיהוֹנָתָ֜ן וְכֹ֣ה יֹסִ֗יף כִּֽי־יֵיטִ֨ב אֶל־אָבִ֤י אֶת־הָֽרָעָה֙ עָלֶ֔יךָ וְגָלִ֙יתִי֙ אֶת־אָזְנֶ֔ךָ וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָ וְהָלַכְתָּ֣ לְשָׁל֑וֹם וִיהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה עִם־אָבִֽי׃ [The LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my father to do thee evil, if I disclose it not unto thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace; and the LORD be with thee, as He hath been with my father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.588/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:530 # text = כֹּֽה־יַעֲשֶׂה֩ יְהוָ֨ה לִֽיהוֹנָתָ֜ן וְכֹ֣ה יֹסִ֗יף כִּֽי־יֵיטִ֨ב אֶל־אָבִ֤י אֶת־הָֽרָעָה֙ עָלֶ֔יךָ וְגָלִ֙יתִי֙ אֶת־אָזְנֶ֔ךָ וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָ וְהָלַכְתָּ֣ לְשָׁל֑וֹם וִיהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה עִם־אָבִֽי׃ # verse = 1SA.20.13 1 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=1SA_20:13!1|MId=o090200130011|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 2 יַעֲשֶׂה֩ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=may.he.do|Ref=1SA_20:13!2|MId=o090200130021|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090200130031;|Type=jussive 3 יְהוָ֨ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_20:13!3|MId=o090200130031|Strong=3068 4-5 לִֽיהוֹנָתָ֜ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לִֽ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_20:13!4|MId=o090200130041|Strong=3807a 5 יהוֹנָתָ֜ן יְהוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=1SA_20:13!4|MId=o090200130042|Strong=3083 6-7 וְכֹ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:13!5|MId=o090200130051|Strong=2050b 7 כֹ֣ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=1SA_20:13!5|MId=o090200130052|Strong=3541 8 יֹסִ֗יף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=may.he.add|Ref=1SA_20:13!6|MId=o090200130061|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:090200130031;|Type=jussive 9 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_20:13!7|MId=o090200130071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 יֵיטִ֨ב יָטַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=it.will.make.good|Ref=1SA_20:13!8|MId=o090200130081|Strong=3190|Frame=A0:;A1:090200130122;|Type=yiqtol 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_20:13!9|MId=o090200130091|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 אָבִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_20:13!10|MId=o090200130101|Strong=0001 13 ִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_20:13!10|MId=o090200130102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_20:13!11|MId=o090200130111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 הָֽרָעָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_20:13!12|MId=o090200130121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 רָעָה֙ רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=harm|Ref=1SA_20:13!12|MId=o090200130122|Strong=7451b 17-18 עָלֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 עָלֶ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_20:13!13|MId=o090200130131|Strong=5921 18 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_20:13!13|MId=o090200130132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְגָלִ֙יתִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:13!14|MId=o090200130141|Strong=2050b 20 גָלִ֙יתִי֙ גָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.uncover|Ref=1SA_20:13!14|MId=o090200130142|Strong=1540|Frame=A0:090200130042;A1:090200130161;|Type=weqatal 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_20:13!15|MId=o090200130151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 אָזְנֶ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 אָזְנ אֹזֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=ear|Ref=1SA_20:13!16|MId=o090200130161|Strong=0241 23 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_20:13!16|MId=o090200130162|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 24-26 וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:13!17|MId=o090200130171|Strong=2050b 25 שִׁלַּחְתִּ֖י שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1SA_20:13!17|MId=o090200130172|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:090200130042;A1:090200130173;|Type=weqatal 26 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=will.send.you.away|Ref=1SA_20:13!17|MId=o090200130173|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 27-28 וְהָלַכְתָּ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:13!18|MId=o090200130181|Strong=2050b 28 הָלַכְתָּ֣ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=1SA_20:13!18|MId=o090200130182|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090200120181;|Type=weqatal 29-30 לְשָׁל֑וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_20:13!19|MId=o090200130191|Strong=3807a 30 שָׁל֑וֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=peace|Ref=1SA_20:13!19|MId=o090200130192|Strong=7965 31-32 וִיהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:13!20|MId=o090200130201|Strong=2050b 32 יהִ֤י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 35 cop _ Gloss=may.he.be|Ref=1SA_20:13!20|MId=o090200130202|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090200130211;|Type=jussive 33 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 35 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_20:13!21|MId=o090200130211|Strong=3068 34-35 עִמָּ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_20:13!22|MId=o090200130221|Strong=5973 35 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_20:13!22|MId=o090200130222|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 36-37 כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 35 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=1SA_20:13!23|MId=o090200130231|Strong=3509a 37 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 40 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=1SA_20:13!23|MId=o090200130232|Strong=0834|Type=relative 38 הָיָ֖ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 40 cop _ Gloss=he.has.been|Ref=1SA_20:13!24|MId=o090200130241|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090200130211;|Type=qatal 39 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_20:13!25|MId=o090200130251|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 40-41 אָבִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 acl:relcl _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_20:13!26|MId=o090200130261|Strong=0001 41 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_20:13!26|MId=o090200130262|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=1SA_20:13!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַעֲשֶׂה *may he do* | jussive · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יֹסִיף *may he add* | jussive · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יֵיטִב *it will make good* | yiqtol · hiphil | | רָעָה *harm* | | | | גָלִיתִי *I will uncover* | weqatal · qal | יהוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | אָזְנ *ear* | | | | שִׁלַּחְתִּי *I* | weqatal · piel | יהוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* | ךָ *will send you away* | | | | הָלַכְתָּ *you will go* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | יהִי *may he be* | jussive · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | הָיָה *he has been* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כְּדֵין יַעֲבֵּיד יְיָ לִיהוֹנָתָן וּכְדֵין יוֹסִיף אֲרֵי גְמִירָא מִן אַבָּא לְמֵיתֵי בִישְׁתָּא עֲלָךְ וַאַחֲוֵי לָךְ וְאֶשְׁלְחִנָךְ וּתְהַךְ לִשְׁלָם וִיהֵי מֵימְרָא דַייָ בְּסַעֲדָךְ כְּמָא דַהֲוָה בְּסַעֲדֵיהּ דְאַבָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my father to do thee evil, if I disclose it not unto thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace; and the LORD be with thee, as He hath been with my father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.588/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:530`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.12/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.14/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/)