--- title: 1 Samuel 20:2 — And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my f… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my father doeth nothing either great or small, but that he discloseth it unto me; and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.' Who acts: David, thou, father, sin. 1 Samuel 20:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Tar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / 20:2 # 1 Samuel 20:2 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, thou, father, sin · **What happens:** say, not die, do, disclose, hide, not be · **To what, where:** nothing, sin, thing · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 20:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, thou, father, sin — and what happens in the verse to nothing, sin, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֣וֹ חָלִילָה֮ לֹ֣א תָמוּת֒ הִנֵּ֡ה לֹֽא־יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אָבִ֜י דָּבָ֣ר גָּד֗וֹל א֚וֹ דָּבָ֣ר קָטֹ֔ן וְלֹ֥א יִגְלֶ֖ה אֶת־אָזְנִ֑י וּמַדּוּעַ֩ יַסְתִּ֨יר אָבִ֥י מִמֶּ֛נִּי אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה אֵ֥ין זֹֽאת׃ [And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my father doeth nothing either great or small, but that he discloseth it unto me; and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.577/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:519 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֣וֹ חָלִילָה֮ לֹ֣א תָמוּת֒ הִנֵּ֡ה לֹֽא־יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אָבִ֜י דָּבָ֣ר גָּד֗וֹל א֚וֹ דָּבָ֣ר קָטֹ֔ן וְלֹ֥א יִגְלֶ֖ה אֶת־אָזְנִ֑י וּמַדּוּעַ֩ יַסְתִּ֨יר אָבִ֥י מִמֶּ֛נִּי אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה אֵ֥ין זֹֽאת׃ # verse = 1SA.20.2 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:2!1|MId=o090200020011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_20:2!1|MId=o090200020012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090200010091;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 ל֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_20:2!2|MId=o090200020021|Strong=3807a 4 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_20:2!2|MId=o090200020022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5-6 חָלִילָה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 חָלִיל חָלִילָה INTJ _ _ 6 discourse _ Gloss=far|Ref=1SA_20:2!3|MId=o090200020031|Strong=2486|Type=interjection 6 ָה֮ ה X _ _ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=be.it|Ref=1SA_20:2!3|MId=o090200020032|Strong=1886c|Type=paragogic_he 7 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_20:2!4|MId=o090200020041|Strong=3808|Type=negative 8 תָמוּת֒ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.die|Ref=1SA_20:2!5|MId=o090200020051|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:090200010021;|Type=yiqtol 9 הִנֵּ֡ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 11 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1SA_20:2!6|MId=o090200020061|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 10 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_20:2!9|MId=o090200020091|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 11 יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 parataxis _ Gloss=he.does|Ref=1SA_20:2!10|MId=o090200020101|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090200020111;A1:090200020121;090200020151;|Type=yiqtol 12-13 אָבִ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_20:2!11|MId=o090200020111|Strong=0001 13 ִ֜י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_20:2!11|MId=o090200020112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14 דָּבָ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=anything|Ref=1SA_20:2!12|MId=o090200020121|Strong=1697 15 גָּד֗וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=1SA_20:2!13|MId=o090200020131|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 16 א֚וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=or|Ref=1SA_20:2!14|MId=o090200020141|Strong=0176 17 דָּבָ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=anything|Ref=1SA_20:2!15|MId=o090200020151|Strong=1697 18 קָטֹ֔ן קָטֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 amod _ Gloss=small|Ref=1SA_20:2!16|MId=o090200020161|Strong=6996a|Type=adjective 19-20 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:2!17|MId=o090200020171|Strong=2050b 20 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_20:2!17|MId=o090200020172|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 יִגְלֶ֖ה גָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=he.uncovers|Ref=1SA_20:2!18|MId=o090200020181|Strong=1540|Frame=A0:090200020111;A1:090200020201;|Type=yiqtol 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_20:2!19|MId=o090200020191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 אָזְנִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אָזְנ אֹזֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=ear|Ref=1SA_20:2!20|MId=o090200020201|Strong=0241 24 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_20:2!20|MId=o090200020202|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25-26 וּמַדּוּעַ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:2!21|MId=o090200020211|Strong=2050b 26 מַדּוּעַ֩ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1SA_20:2!21|MId=o090200020212|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 27 יַסְתִּ֨יר סָתַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=will.he.hide|Ref=1SA_20:2!22|MId=o090200020221|Strong=5641|Frame=AA:090200020231;A0:090200020262;|Type=yiqtol 28-29 אָבִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_20:2!23|MId=o090200020231|Strong=0001 29 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_20:2!23|MId=o090200020232|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 30-31 מִמֶּ֛נִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_20:2!24|MId=o090200020241|Strong=4480 31 ֶ֛נִּי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_20:2!24|MId=o090200020242|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_20:2!25|MId=o090200020251|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 הַדָּבָ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_20:2!26|MId=o090200020261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 דָּבָ֥ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obj _ Gloss=thing|Ref=1SA_20:2!26|MId=o090200020262|Strong=1697 35-36 הַזֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_20:2!27|MId=o090200020271|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 זֶּ֖ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_20:2!27|MId=o090200020272|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 37 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 6 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].not|Ref=1SA_20:2!28|MId=o090200020281|Strong=0369|Type=negative 38 זֹֽאת זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 37 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_20:2!29|MId=o090200020291|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=1SA_20:2!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** תָמוּת *you will die* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** יַעֲשֶׂה *he does* | yiqtol · qal | אָב *father* | דָּבָר *anything* + דָּבָר *anything* | | | | **not** יִגְלֶה *he uncovers* | yiqtol · qal | אָב *father* | אָזְנ *ear* | | | | יַסְתִּיר *will he hide* | yiqtol · hiphil | דָּבָר *thing* | | | אָב *father* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ חַס לָא תְמוּת הָא לָא יַעְבֵּיד אַבָּא פִּתְגַם רַב אוֹ פִּתְגַם זְעֵיר וְלָא יְחַוֵי לִי וּמָא דֵין כַסֵי אַבָּא מִנִי יַת פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין לֵית דָא קַיָמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my father doeth nothing either great or small, but that he discloseth it unto me; and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.577/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:519`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.1/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.3/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/)