--- title: 1 Samuel 20:29 — and he said: Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and he said: Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me; and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he is not come unto the king's table.' Who acts: David, me, I, family. 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.29/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / 20:29 # 1 Samuel 20:29 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, me, I, family · **What happens:** say, let, go, pray, have, command · **To what, where:** me, thee, sacrifice, city, favour, eyes · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 20:29 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, me, I, family — and what happens in the verse to me, thee, sacrifice, city, favour, eyes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֡אמֶר שַׁלְּחֵ֣נִי נָ֡א כִּ֣י זֶבַח֩ מִשְׁפָּחָ֨ה לָ֜נוּ בָּעִ֗יר וְה֤וּא צִוָּֽה־לִי֙ אָחִ֔י וְעַתָּ֗ה אִם־מָצָ֤אתִי חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ אִמָּ֥לְטָה נָּ֖א וְאֶרְאֶ֣ה אֶת־אֶחָ֑י עַל־כֵּ֣ן לֹא־בָ֔א אֶל־שֻׁלְחַ֖ן הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ס [and he said: Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me; and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.605/) [Therefore he is not come unto the king's table.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.606/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:546 # text = וַיֹּ֡אמֶר שַׁלְּחֵ֣נִי נָ֡א כִּ֣י זֶבַח֩ מִשְׁפָּחָ֨ה לָ֜נוּ בָּעִ֗יר וְה֤וּא צִוָּֽה־לִי֙ אָחִ֔י וְעַתָּ֗ה אִם־מָצָ֤אתִי חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ אִמָּ֥לְטָה נָּ֖א וְאֶרְאֶ֣ה אֶת־אֶחָ֑י עַל־כֵּ֣ן לֹא־בָ֔א אֶל־שֻׁלְחַ֖ן הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ס # verse = 1SA.20.29 1-2 וַיֹּ֡אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:29!1|MId=o090200290011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֡אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_20:29!1|MId=o090200290012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090200280071;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 שַׁלְּחֵ֣נִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 שַׁלְּח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=let|Ref=1SA_20:29!2|MId=o090200290021|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:090200280021;A1:090200290022;|Type=imperative 4 ֵ֣נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ Gloss=me.go|Ref=1SA_20:29!2|MId=o090200290022|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 5 נָ֡א נָא INTJ _ _ 3 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=1SA_20:29!3|MId=o090200290031|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 6 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_20:29!4|MId=o090200290041|Strong=3588 7 זֶבַח֩ זֶבַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=a.sacrifice|Ref=1SA_20:29!5|MId=o090200290051|Strong=2077 8 מִשְׁפָּחָ֨ה מִשְׁפָּחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].clan|Ref=1SA_20:29!6|MId=o090200290061|Strong=4940 9-10 לָ֜נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 ל לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=1SA_20:29!7|MId=o090200290071|Strong=3807a 10 ָ֜נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 advcl _ Gloss=us|Ref=1SA_20:29!7|MId=o090200290072|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 11-13 בָּעִ֗יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_20:29!8|MId=o090200290081|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_20:29!8|MId=o090200290081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 עִ֗יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=1SA_20:29!8|MId=o090200290082|Strong=5892 14-15 וְה֤וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:29!9|MId=o090200290091|Strong=2050b 15 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_20:29!9|MId=o090200290092|Strong=1931|Type=personal 16 צִוָּֽה־ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.has.commanded|Ref=1SA_20:29!10|MId=o090200290101|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:090200290092;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 לִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 ל לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_20:29!11|MId=o090200290111|Strong=3807a 18 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_20:29!11|MId=o090200290112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19-20 אָחִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אָח אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=brother|Ref=1SA_20:29!12|MId=o090200290121|Strong=0251 20 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_20:29!12|MId=o090200290122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:29!13|MId=o090200290131|Strong=2050b 22 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=1SA_20:29!13|MId=o090200290132|Strong=6258 23 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_20:29!14|MId=o090200290141|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 24 מָצָ֤אתִי מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 29 advcl _ Gloss=I.have.found|Ref=1SA_20:29!15|MId=o090200290151|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:090200280071;A1:090200290161;|Type=qatal 25 חֵן֙ חֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=favor|Ref=1SA_20:29!16|MId=o090200290161|Strong=2580 26-28 בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_20:29!17|MId=o090200290171|Strong=0871a 27 עֵינֶ֔י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 24 obl _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=1SA_20:29!17|MId=o090200290172|Strong=5869 28 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_20:29!17|MId=o090200290173|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 29 אִמָּ֥לְטָה מָלַט VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 parataxis _ Gloss=let.me.slip.away|Ref=1SA_20:29!18|MId=o090200290181|Strong=4422|Frame=A0:090200280071;|Type=cohortative 30 נָּ֖א נָא INTJ _ _ 29 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=1SA_20:29!19|MId=o090200290191|Strong=4994|Type=interjection 31-32 וְאֶרְאֶ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=1SA_20:29!20|MId=o090200290201|Strong=2050b 32 אֶרְאֶ֣ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 29 conj _ Gloss=that.I.may.see|Ref=1SA_20:29!20|MId=o090200290202|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:090200280071;A1:090200290221;|Type=cohortative 33 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_20:29!21|MId=o090200290211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 34-35 אֶחָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 אֶח אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 obj _ Gloss=brothers|Ref=1SA_20:29!22|MId=o090200290221|Strong=0251 35 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_20:29!22|MId=o090200290222|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 36 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=1SA_20:29!23|MId=o090200290231|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 37 כֵּ֣ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_20:29!24|MId=o090200290241|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 38 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 39 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_20:29!25|MId=o090200290251|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 39 בָ֔א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.come|Ref=1SA_20:29!26|MId=o090200290261|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090200280071;|Type=qatal 40 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_20:29!27|MId=o090200290271|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 41 שֻׁלְחַ֖ן שֻׁלְחָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 39 obl _ Gloss=the.table|Ref=1SA_20:29!28|MId=o090200290281|Strong=7979 42-43 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 43 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_20:29!29|MId=o090200290291|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 43 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1SA_20:29!29|MId=o090200290292|Strong=4428 44 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=1SA_20:29!29|SpaceAfter=No 45 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=1SA_20:29!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | שַׁלְּח *let* | imperative · piel | | ֵנִי *me go* | | | | צִוָּֽה־ *he has commanded* | qatal · piel | הוּא *he* | | | | | מָצָאתִי *I have found* | qatal · qal | | חֵן *favor* | | | | אִמָּלְטָה *let me slip away* | cohortative · niphal | | | | | | אֶרְאֶה *that I may see* | cohortative · qal | | אֶח *brothers* | | | | **not** בָא *he has come* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר שַׁלְחֵנִי כְּעַן אֲרֵי שֵׁירוּ נִכְסַת קוּדְשַׁיָא לְכָל זַרְעִיתָא לָנָא בְקַרְתָּא וְהוּא פַקֵיד לִי אֲחִי וּכְעַן אִם אַשְׁכְּחֵית רַחֲמִין בְּעֵינָךְ אִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב כְּעַן וְאֶחֱזֵי יַת אֲחַי עַל כֵּן לָא אֲתָא לְפָתוֹרָא דְמַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and he said: Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me; and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.605/) 2. [Therefore he is not come unto the king's table.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.606/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:546`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.28/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.30/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/)