--- title: 1 Samuel 20:8 — Therefore deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy se… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee; but if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?' Who acts: you, thou, iniquity, LORD. 1 Samuel 20:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Tar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / 20:8 # 1 Samuel 20:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** you, thou, iniquity, LORD · **What happens:** deal, bring, be, slay, covenant · **To what, where:** servant, covenant, me, father This is 1 Samuel 20:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, thou, iniquity, LORD — and what happens in the verse to servant, covenant, me, father, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ חֶ֙סֶד֙ עַל־עַבְדֶּ֔ךָ כִּ֚י בִּבְרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה הֵבֵ֥אתָ אֶֽת־עַבְדְּךָ֖ עִמָּ֑ךְ וְאִם־יֶשׁ־בִּ֤י עָוֺן֙ הֲמִיתֵ֣נִי אַ֔תָּה וְעַד־אָבִ֖יךָ לָמָּה־זֶּ֥ה תְבִיאֵֽנִי׃פ [Therefore deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee; but if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.583/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:525 # text = וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ חֶ֙סֶד֙ עַל־עַבְדֶּ֔ךָ כִּ֚י בִּבְרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה הֵבֵ֥אתָ אֶֽת־עַבְדְּךָ֖ עִמָּ֑ךְ וְאִם־יֶשׁ־בִּ֤י עָוֺן֙ הֲמִיתֵ֣נִי אַ֔תָּה וְעַד־אָבִ֖יךָ לָמָּה־זֶּ֥ה תְבִיאֵֽנִי׃פ # verse = 1SA.20.8 1-2 וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:8!1|MId=o090200080011|Strong=2050b 2 עָשִׂ֤יתָ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.do|Ref=1SA_20:8!1|MId=o090200080012|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090200050041;A1:090200080021;|Type=weqatal 3 חֶ֙סֶד֙ חֶסֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=covenant.loyalty|Ref=1SA_20:8!2|MId=o090200080021|Strong=2617 4 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=towards|Ref=1SA_20:8!3|MId=o090200080031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 עַבְדֶּ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=servant|Ref=1SA_20:8!4|MId=o090200080041|Strong=5650 6 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_20:8!4|MId=o090200080042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 7 כִּ֚י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_20:8!5|MId=o090200080051|Strong=3588 8-9 בִּבְרִ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in.(the)|Ref=1SA_20:8!6|MId=o090200080061|Strong=0871a 9 בְרִ֣ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=1SA_20:8!6|MId=o090200080062|Strong=1285 10 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1SA_20:8!7|MId=o090200080071|Strong=3068 11 הֵבֵ֥אתָ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 advcl _ Gloss=you.have.brought|Ref=1SA_20:8!8|MId=o090200080081|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:090200050041;A0:090200080101;|Type=qatal 12 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_20:8!9|MId=o090200080091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 עַבְדְּךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=1SA_20:8!10|MId=o090200080101|Strong=5650 14 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_20:8!10|MId=o090200080102|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 15-16 עִמָּ֑ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_20:8!11|MId=o090200080111|Strong=5973 16 ָ֑ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_20:8!11|MId=o090200080112|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:8!12|MId=o090200080121|Strong=2050b 18 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_20:8!12|MId=o090200080122|Strong=0518 19 יֶשׁ־ יֵשׁ ADV _ _ 23 advcl _ Gloss=there.[is]|Ref=1SA_20:8!13|MId=o090200080131|Strong=3426|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 בִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_20:8!14|MId=o090200080141|Strong=0871a 21 ִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_20:8!14|MId=o090200080142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 22 עָוֺן֙ עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=iniquity|Ref=1SA_20:8!15|MId=o090200080151|Strong=5771 23-24 הֲמִיתֵ֣נִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הֲמִית מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=put|Ref=1SA_20:8!16|MId=o090200080161|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:090200080162;AA:090200080171;|Type=imperative 24 ֵ֣נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=me.to.death|Ref=1SA_20:8!16|MId=o090200080162|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 25 אַ֔תָּה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_20:8!17|MId=o090200080171|Strong=0859|Type=personal 26-27 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_20:8!18|MId=o090200080181|Strong=2050b 27 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_20:8!18|MId=o090200080182|Strong=5704 28-29 אָבִ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אָבִ֖י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_20:8!19|MId=o090200080191|Strong=0001 29 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_20:8!19|MId=o090200080192|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30-31 לָמָּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לָ לָמָה ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_20:8!20|MId=o090200080201|Strong=3807a 31 מָּה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 2 conj _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1SA_20:8!20|MId=o090200080202|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 32 זֶּ֥ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_20:8!21|MId=o090200080211|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 33-34 תְבִיאֵֽנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 תְבִיא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 32 acl _ Gloss=will|Ref=1SA_20:8!22|MId=o090200080221|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:090200050041;A0:090200080222;|Type=yiqtol 34 ֵֽנִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ Gloss=you.bring.me|Ref=1SA_20:8!22|MId=o090200080222|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1SA_20:8!22|SpaceAfter=No 36 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1SA_20:8!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשִׂיתָ *you will do* | weqatal · qal | | חֶסֶד *covenant loyalty* | | | | הֵבֵאתָ *you have brought* | qatal · hiphil | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | הֲמִית *put* | imperative · hiphil | ֵנִי *me to death* | | | אַתָּה *you* | | תְבִיא *will* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֵֽנִי *you bring me* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתַעְבֵּיד טִיבוּ עִם עַבְדָךְ אֲרֵי בְּקַיָמָא דַייָ אָעֵלִיתָא יַת עַבְדָךְ עִמָךְ וְאִם אִית בִּי חוֹבָא קְטוֹלְנִי אַתְּ וּלְוַת אָבוּךְ לְמָא דְנָן תַּעֵילִינַנִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee; but if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.583/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:525`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.7/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.9/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/)