--- title: 1 Samuel 21:10 — And the priest said: 'The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the priest said: 'The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the vale of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod; if thou wilt take that, take it; for there is no other save that here.' And David said: 'There is none like that; give it me.' Who acts: priest, t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/21/) / 21:10 # 1 Samuel 21:10 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** priest, thou, other, David, none · **What happens:** say, slay, wrap, take, be, give · **To what, where:** Goliath, vale, sword, cloth, that, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 21:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — priest, thou, other, David, none — and what happens in the verse to Goliath, vale, sword, cloth, that, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַכֹּהֵ֗ן חֶרֶב֩ גָּלְיָ֨ת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י אֲשֶׁר־הִכִּ֣יתָ ׀ בְּעֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֗ה עֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֗ה הִנֵּה־הִ֞יא לוּטָ֣ה בַשִּׂמְלָה֮ אַחֲרֵ֣י הָאֵפוֹד֒ אִם־אֹתָ֤הּ תִּֽקַּח־לְךָ֙ קָ֔ח כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין אַחֶ֛רֶת זוּלָתָ֖הּ בָּזֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֵ֥ין כָּמ֖וֹהָ תְּנֶ֥נָּה לִּֽי׃ [And the priest said: 'The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the vale of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod; if thou wilt take that, take it; for there is no other save that here.' And David said: 'There is none like that; give it me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.629/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:569 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַכֹּהֵ֗ן חֶרֶב֩ גָּלְיָ֨ת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י אֲשֶׁר־הִכִּ֣יתָ ׀ בְּעֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֗ה עֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֗ה הִנֵּה־הִ֞יא לוּטָ֣ה בַשִּׂמְלָה֮ אַחֲרֵ֣י הָאֵפוֹד֒ אִם־אֹתָ֤הּ תִּֽקַּח־לְךָ֙ קָ֔ח כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין אַחֶ֛רֶת זוּלָתָ֖הּ בָּזֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֵ֥ין כָּמ֖וֹהָ תְּנֶ֥נָּה לִּֽי׃ # verse = 1SA.21.10 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_21:10!1|MId=o090210100011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_21:10!1|MId=o090210100012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090210100022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַכֹּהֵ֗ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_21:10!2|MId=o090210100021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 כֹּהֵ֗ן כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=priest|Ref=1SA_21:10!2|MId=o090210100022|Strong=3548 5 חֶרֶב֩ חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 dislocated _ Gloss=the.sword|Ref=1SA_21:10!3|MId=o090210100031|Strong=2719 6 גָּלְיָ֨ת גׇּלְיַת PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Goliath|Ref=1SA_21:10!4|MId=o090210100041|Strong=1555 7-8 הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_21:10!5|MId=o090210100051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=Philistine|Ref=1SA_21:10!5|MId=o090210100052|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 9 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=1SA_21:10!6|MId=o090210100061|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 10 הִכִּ֣יתָ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.struck.down|Ref=1SA_21:10!7|MId=o090210100071|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:090210090021;A0:090210100041;|Type=qatal 11 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=1SA_21:10!7 12-13 בְּעֵ֣מֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_21:10!8|MId=o090210100081|Strong=0871a 13 עֵ֣מֶק עֵמֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.valley|Ref=1SA_21:10!8|MId=o090210100082 14 הָאֵלָ֗ה _ NOUN _ _ 13 flat _ Ref=1SA_21:10!8 15 עֵ֣מֶק הַ PROPN _ _ 13 nmod _ Gloss=of.(the).Elah|Ref=1SA_21:10!9|MId=o090210100091 16 הָאֵלָ֗ה _ PROPN _ _ 15 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_21:10!9 17 הִנֵּה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 19 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1SA_21:10!10|MId=o090210100101|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 18 הִ֞יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_21:10!11|MId=o090210100111|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 19 לוּטָ֣ה לוּט VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].wrapped|Ref=1SA_21:10!12|MId=o090210100121|Strong=3874|Frame=A1:090210100101;|Type=participle_passive 20-22 בַשִּׂמְלָה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_21:10!13|MId=o090210100131|Strong=0871a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_21:10!13|MId=o090210100131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 שִּׂמְלָה֮ שִׂמְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=cloak|Ref=1SA_21:10!13|MId=o090210100132|Strong=8071 23 אַחֲרֵ֣י אַחַר ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=1SA_21:10!14|MId=o090210100141|Strong=0310 24-25 הָאֵפוֹד֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_21:10!15|MId=o090210100151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אֵפוֹד֒ אֵפֹד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=ephod|Ref=1SA_21:10!15|MId=o090210100152|Strong=0646 26 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_21:10!16|MId=o090210100161|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 אֹתָ֤הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_21:10!17|MId=o090210100171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 28 ָ֤הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_21:10!17|MId=o090210100172|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 29 תִּֽקַּח־ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 19 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.take|Ref=1SA_21:10!18|MId=o090210100181|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:090210090021;A1:090210100162;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 לְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_21:10!19|MId=o090210100191|Strong=3807a 31 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=yourself|Ref=1SA_21:10!19|MId=o090210100192|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32 קָ֔ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 29 parataxis _ Gloss=take.[it]|Ref=1SA_21:10!20|MId=o090210100201|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:090210090021;A1:090210100031;|Type=imperative 33 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 39 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_21:10!21|MId=o090210100211|Strong=3588 34 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 39 advmod _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=1SA_21:10!22|MId=o090210100221|Strong=0369|Type=negative 35 אַחֶ֛רֶת אַחֵר ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ Gloss=another|Ref=1SA_21:10!23|MId=o090210100231|Strong=0312|Type=adjective 36-37 זוּלָתָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 זוּלָת זוּלָה ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=except|Ref=1SA_21:10!24|MId=o090210100241|Strong=2108 37 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_21:10!24|MId=o090210100242|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 38-39 בָּזֶ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_21:10!25|MId=o090210100251|Strong=0871a 39 זֶ֑ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 29 parataxis _ Gloss=this.[place]|Ref=1SA_21:10!25|MId=o090210100252|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 40-41 וַיֹּ֧אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_21:10!26|MId=o090210100261|Strong=2050b 41 יֹּ֧אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_21:10!26|MId=o090210100262|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090210100261;|Type=wayyiqtol 42 דָּוִ֛ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 41 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_21:10!27|MId=o090210100271|Strong=1732 43 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 45 advmod _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=1SA_21:10!28|MId=o090210100281|Strong=0369|Type=negative 44-45 כָּמ֖וֹהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 כָּמ֖וֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=1SA_21:10!29|MId=o090210100291|Strong=3644 45 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 ccomp _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_21:10!29|MId=o090210100292|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 46-47 תְּנֶ֥נָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 תְּנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 45 parataxis _ Gloss=give|Ref=1SA_21:10!30|MId=o090210100301|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:090210100022;A1:090210100292;|Type=imperative 47 ֶ֥נָּה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_21:10!30|MId=o090210100302|Strong=5089a|Type=pronominal 48-49 לִּֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 49 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_21:10!31|MId=o090210100311|Strong=3807a 49 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 46 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_21:10!31|MId=o090210100312|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=1SA_21:10!31 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | כֹּהֵן *priest* | | | | | הִכִּיתָ *you struck down* | qatal · hiphil | גָּלְיָת *of Goliath* | | | | | לוּטָה *\[is\] wrapped* | participle passive · qal | | הִנֵּה־ *here!* | | | | תִּֽקַּח־ *you will take* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | קָח *take \[it\]* | imperative · qal | | חֶרֶב *the sword* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | וַ *and* | | | | | תְּנ *give* | imperative · qal | כֹּהֵן *priest* | הָ *it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר כַּהֲנָא חַרְבָּא דְגָלְיַת פְלִשְׁתָּאָה דִקְטַלְתָּא בְּמֵישַׁר בּוּטְמָא הָא הִיא מְכַרְכָא בְּשׁוֹשִׁיפָא בָּתַר דְשָׁאוּל לֵיהּ בְּאֵפוֹדָא אִם יָתָהּ תִּסַב לָךְ סַב אֲרֵי לֵית אוֹחֲרֵי בַּר מִנָהּ הָכָא וַאֲמַר דָוִד לֵית דִכְוָתָהּ הַבְנָא לִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the priest said: 'The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the vale of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod; if thou wilt take that, take it; for there is no other save that here.' And David said: 'There is none like that; give it me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.629/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:569`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 21:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.9/) - next →: [1 Samuel 21:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.11/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/21/)