--- title: 1 Samuel 21:7 — So the priest gave him holy bread; for there was no bread there but… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So the priest gave him holy bread; for there was no bread there but the showbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away. — Who acts: priest, bread. 1 Samuel 21:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/21/) / 21:7 # 1 Samuel 21:7 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** priest, bread · **What happens:** give, be, take, put, take away · **To what, where:** holy bread, David, showbread, hot bread, it This is 1 Samuel 21:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — priest, bread — and what happens in the verse to holy bread, David, showbread, hot bread, it, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן קֹ֑דֶשׁ כִּי֩ לֹא־הָ֨יָה שָׁ֜ם לֶ֗חֶם כִּֽי־אִם־לֶ֤חֶם הַפָּנִים֙ הַמּֽוּסָרִים֙ מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂוּם֙ לֶ֣חֶם חֹ֔ם בְּי֖וֹם הִלָּקְחֽוֹ׃ [So the priest gave him holy bread; for there was no bread there but the showbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.626/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:566 # text = וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן קֹ֑דֶשׁ כִּי֩ לֹא־הָ֨יָה שָׁ֜ם לֶ֗חֶם כִּֽי־אִם־לֶ֤חֶם הַפָּנִים֙ הַמּֽוּסָרִים֙ מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂוּם֙ לֶ֣חֶם חֹ֔ם בְּי֖וֹם הִלָּקְחֽוֹ׃ # verse = 1SA.21.7 1-2 וַיִּתֶּן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_21:7!1|MId=o090210070011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּתֶּן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.gave|Ref=1SA_21:7!1|MId=o090210070012|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:090210070032;A1:090210070041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 ל֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_21:7!2|MId=o090210070021|Strong=3807a 4 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_21:7!2|MId=o090210070022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5-6 הַכֹּהֵ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_21:7!3|MId=o090210070031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 כֹּהֵ֖ן כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=priest|Ref=1SA_21:7!3|MId=o090210070032|Strong=3548 7 קֹ֑דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=a.holy.thing|Ref=1SA_21:7!4|MId=o090210070041|Strong=6944 8 כִּי֩ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_21:7!5|MId=o090210070051|Strong=3588 9 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_21:7!6|MId=o090210070061|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 10 הָ֨יָה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1SA_21:7!7|MId=o090210070071|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090210070091;|Type=qatal 11 שָׁ֜ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=1SA_21:7!8|MId=o090210070081|Strong=8033 12 לֶ֗חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=bread|Ref=1SA_21:7!9|MId=o090210070091|Strong=3899 13 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 15 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_21:7!10|MId=o090210070101|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 14 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 13 fixed _ Gloss=(if)|Ref=1SA_21:7!11|MId=o090210070111|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 15 לֶ֤חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 parataxis _ Gloss=the.bread|Ref=1SA_21:7!12|MId=o090210070121|Strong=3899 16-17 הַפָּנִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_21:7!13|MId=o090210070131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 פָּנִים֙ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.presence|Ref=1SA_21:7!13|MId=o090210070132|Strong=6440 18-19 הַמּֽוּסָרִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=[which|Ref=1SA_21:7!14|MId=o090210070141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 מּֽוּסָרִים֙ סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Plur 15 appos _ Gloss=had.been].removed|Ref=1SA_21:7!14|MId=o090210070142|Strong=5493|Frame=A1:090210070121;|Type=participle_passive 20-22 מִלִּפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_21:7!15|MId=o090210070151|Strong=4480 21 לִּ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_21:7!15|MId=o090210070152|Strong=3807a 22 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_21:7!15|MId=o090210070153|Strong=6440 23 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_21:7!16|MId=o090210070161|Strong=3068 24-25 לָשׂוּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_21:7!17|MId=o090210070171|Strong=3807a 25 שׂוּם֙ שׂים VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 19 advcl _ Gloss=put|Ref=1SA_21:7!17|MId=o090210070172|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:090210070121;A1:090210070181;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 לֶ֣חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=bread|Ref=1SA_21:7!18|MId=o090210070181|Strong=3899 27 חֹ֔ם חֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.heat|Ref=1SA_21:7!19|MId=o090210070191|Strong=2527 28-29 בְּי֖וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_21:7!20|MId=o090210070201|Strong=0871a 29 י֖וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=1SA_21:7!20|MId=o090210070202|Strong=3117 30-31 הִלָּקְחֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הִלָּקְח לָקַח VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 29 acl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_21:7!21|MId=o090210070211|Strong=3947|Frame=A1:090210070212;|Type=infinitive_construct 31 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ Gloss=was.taken.away|Ref=1SA_21:7!21|MId=o090210070212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1SA_21:7!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּתֶּן־ *he gave* | wayyiqtol · qal | כֹּהֵן *priest* | קֹדֶשׁ *a holy thing* | | | | **not** הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | לֶחֶם *bread* | | | | | מּֽוּסָרִים *had been\] removed* | participle passive · hophal | | לֶחֶם *the bread* | | | | שׂוּם *put* | infinitive construct · qal | לֶחֶם *the bread* | לֶחֶם *bread* | | | | הִלָּקְח *it* | infinitive construct · niphal | | ֽוֹ *was taken away* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהַב לֵיהּ כַּהֲנָא קֻדְשָׁא אֲרֵי לָא הֲוָה תַמָן לְחֵם חוֹלִין אֱלָהֵין לְחַם אַפַּיָא דְמַעְדָן מִן קֳדָם יְיָ לְשַׁוְיוּתֵיהּ לְחֵם חַמִים בְּיוֹם אִתְנְסִיבוּתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So the priest gave him holy bread; for there was no bread there but the showbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.626/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:566`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 21:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.6/) - next →: [1 Samuel 21:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.8/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/21/)