--- title: 1 Samuel 21:8 — Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detain… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul. — Who acts: certain man, name, herdmen, man. 1 Samuel 21:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/21/) / 21:8 # 1 Samuel 21:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** certain man, name, herdmen, man · **What happens:** be, detain, belong, name · **To what, where:** Doeg, Saul This is 1 Samuel 21:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — certain man, name, herdmen, man — and what happens in the verse to Doeg, Saul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְשָׁ֡ם אִישׁ֩ מֵעַבְדֵ֨י שָׁא֜וּל בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא נֶעְצָר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וּשְׁמ֖וֹ דֹּאֵ֣ג הָאֲדֹמִ֑י אַבִּ֥יר הָרֹעִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְשָׁאֽוּל׃ [Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.627/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:567 # text = וְשָׁ֡ם אִישׁ֩ מֵעַבְדֵ֨י שָׁא֜וּל בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא נֶעְצָר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וּשְׁמ֖וֹ דֹּאֵ֣ג הָאֲדֹמִ֑י אַבִּ֥יר הָרֹעִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְשָׁאֽוּל׃ # verse = 1SA.21.8 1-2 וְשָׁ֡ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and.[was]|Ref=1SA_21:8!1|MId=o090210080011|Strong=2050b 2 שָׁ֡ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=there|Ref=1SA_21:8!1|MId=o090210080012|Strong=8033 3 אִישׁ֩ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=1SA_21:8!2|MId=o090210080021|Strong=0376 4-5 מֵעַבְדֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=one|Ref=1SA_21:8!3|MId=o090210080031|Strong=4480 5 עַבְדֵ֨י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nmod _ Gloss=of.the.servants|Ref=1SA_21:8!3|MId=o090210080032|Strong=5650 6 שָׁא֜וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Saul|Ref=1SA_21:8!4|MId=o090210080041|Strong=7586 7-9 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_21:8!5|MId=o090210080051|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_21:8!5|MId=o090210080051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_21:8!5|MId=o090210080052|Strong=3117 10-11 הַה֗וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_21:8!6|MId=o090210080061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 ה֗וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=1SA_21:8!6|MId=o090210080062|Strong=1931|Type=personal 12 נֶעְצָר֙ עָצַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[he.was].detained|Ref=1SA_21:8!7|MId=o090210080071|Strong=6113|Frame=A1:090210080021;|Type=participle_active 13-14 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_21:8!8|MId=o090210080081|Strong=3807a 14 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_21:8!8|MId=o090210080082|Strong=6440 15 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_21:8!9|MId=o090210080091|Strong=3068 16-18 וּשְׁמ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_21:8!10|MId=o090210080101|Strong=2050b 17 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=name|Ref=1SA_21:8!10|MId=o090210080102|Strong=8034 18 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_21:8!10|MId=o090210080103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19 דֹּאֵ֣ג דֹּאֵג PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].Doeg|Ref=1SA_21:8!11|MId=o090210080111|Strong=1673 20-21 הָאֲדֹמִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_21:8!12|MId=o090210080121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אֲדֹמִ֑י אֲדֹמִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 appos _ Gloss=Edomite|Ref=1SA_21:8!12|MId=o090210080122|Strong=0130|Type=gentilic 22 אַבִּ֥יר אַבִּיר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 appos _ Gloss=the.mighty.[one]|Ref=1SA_21:8!13|MId=o090210080131|Strong=0047|Type=adjective 23-24 הָרֹעִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_21:8!14|MId=o090210080141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 רֹעִ֖ים רעה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.shepherds|Ref=1SA_21:8!14|MId=o090210080142|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active 25 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=1SA_21:8!15|MId=o090210080151|Strong=0834|Type=relative 26-27 לְשָׁאֽוּל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=1SA_21:8!16|MId=o090210080161|Strong=3807a 27 שָׁאֽוּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 24 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_21:8!16|MId=o090210080162|Strong=7586 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=1SA_21:8!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נֶעְצָר *\[he was\] detained* | participle active · niphal | | אִישׁ *a man* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתַמָן גַבְרָא מֵעַבְדֵי שָׁאוּל בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא כְּנִישׁ קֳדָם יְיָ וּשְׁמֵיהּ דוֹאֵג אֱדוֹמָא רַב רַעְיָא דִלְשָׁאוּל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.627/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:567`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 21:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.7/) - next →: [1 Samuel 21:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.9/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/21/)