--- title: 1 Samuel 22:14 — Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy servants is so trusted as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and giveth heed unto thy bidding, and is honourable in thy house? Who acts: Ahimelech, David, thy. 1 Samuel 22:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/22/) / 22:14 # 1 Samuel 22:14 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Ahimelech, David, thy · **What happens:** answer, say, trust, be, give, bid · **To what, where:** king, son, law, heed, house · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 22:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahimelech, David, thy — and what happens in the verse to king, son, law, heed, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֧עַן אֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְ אֶת־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֹּאמַ֑ר וּמִ֤י בְכָל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ כְּדָוִ֣ד נֶאֱמָ֔ן וַחֲתַ֥ן הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְסָ֥ר אֶל־מִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ךָ וְנִכְבָּ֥ד בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃ [Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy servants is so trusted as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and giveth heed unto thy bidding, and is honourable in thy house?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.650/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:589 # text = וַיַּ֧עַן אֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְ אֶת־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֹּאמַ֑ר וּמִ֤י בְכָל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ כְּדָוִ֣ד נֶאֱמָ֔ן וַחֲתַ֥ן הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְסָ֥ר אֶל־מִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ךָ וְנִכְבָּ֥ד בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃ # verse = 1SA.22.14 1-2 וַיַּ֧עַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:14!1|MId=o090220140011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֧עַן עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=1SA_22:14!1|MId=o090220140012|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:090220140021;A1:090220140042;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְ אֲחִימֶלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahimelech|Ref=1SA_22:14!2|MId=o090220140021|Strong=0288 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_22:14!3|MId=o090220140031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_22:14!4|MId=o090220140041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=king|Ref=1SA_22:14!4|MId=o090220140042|Strong=4428 7-8 וַיֹּאמַ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:14!5|MId=o090220140051|Strong=2050b 8 יֹּאמַ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_22:14!5|MId=o090220140052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090220140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 וּמִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:14!6|MId=o090220140061|Strong=2050b 10 מִ֤י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 17 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=1SA_22:14!6|MId=o090220140062|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 11-12 בְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=1SA_22:14!7|MId=o090220140071|Strong=0871a 12 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_22:14!7|MId=o090220140072|Strong=3605 13-14 עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 עֲבָדֶ֙י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1SA_22:14!8|MId=o090220140081|Strong=5650 14 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_22:14!8|MId=o090220140082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 15-16 כְּדָוִ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=1SA_22:14!9|MId=o090220140091|Strong=3509a 16 דָוִ֣ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_22:14!9|MId=o090220140092|Strong=1732 17 נֶאֱמָ֔ן אָמַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[is].faithful|Ref=1SA_22:14!10|MId=o090220140101|Strong=0539|Frame=A0:090220140062;|Type=participle_active 18-19 וַחֲתַ֥ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:14!11|MId=o090220140111|Strong=2050b 19 חֲתַ֥ן חָתָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=the.son-in-law|Ref=1SA_22:14!11|MId=o090220140112|Strong=2860 20-21 הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_22:14!12|MId=o090220140121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מֶּ֛לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1SA_22:14!12|MId=o090220140122|Strong=4428 22-23 וְסָ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:14!13|MId=o090220140131|Strong=2050b 23 סָ֥ר סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=[one.who].turns.aside|Ref=1SA_22:14!13|MId=o090220140132|Strong=5493|Frame=A0:090220140092;|Type=participle_active 24 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_22:14!14|MId=o090220140141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 מִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מִשְׁמַעְתּ מִשְׁמַעַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=bodyguard|Ref=1SA_22:14!15|MId=o090220140151|Strong=4928 26 ֶ֖ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_22:14!15|MId=o090220140152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 27-28 וְנִכְבָּ֥ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:14!16|MId=o090220140161|Strong=2050b 28 נִכְבָּ֥ד כָּבֵד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[one.who.is].honored|Ref=1SA_22:14!16|MId=o090220140162|Strong=3513|Frame=A1:090220140092;|Type=participle_active 29-31 בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_22:14!17|MId=o090220140171|Strong=0871a 30 בֵית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=household|Ref=1SA_22:14!17|MId=o090220140172|Strong=1004 31 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_22:14!17|MId=o090220140173|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1SA_22:14!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲחִימֶלֶךְ *Ahimelech* | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | יֹּאמַר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲחִימֶלֶךְ *Ahimelech* | | | | | נֶאֱמָן *\[is\] faithful* | participle active · niphal | מִי *who?* | | | | | סָר *\[one who\] turns aside* | participle active · qal | דָוִד *David* | | | | | נִכְבָּד *\[one who is\] honored* | participle active · niphal | | דָוִד *David* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתֵיב אֲחִימֶלֶךְ יַת מַלְכָּא וַאֲמַר וּמָן בְּכָל עַבְדָךְ כְּדָוִד מְהֵימָן וְחַתְנָא דְמַלְכָּא וְרַב עַל מִשְׁמַעְתָּךְ וְיַקִיר בְּבֵיתָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy servants is so trusted as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and giveth heed unto thy bidding, and is honourable in thy house?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.650/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:589`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 22:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.13/) - next →: [1 Samuel 22:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.15/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/22/)