--- title: 1 Samuel 22:15 — Have I to-day begun to inquire of God for him? be it far from me; le… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Have I to-day begun to inquire of God for him? be it far from me; let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father; for thy servant knoweth nothing of all this, less or more.' Who acts: I, heed, king, servant. 1 Samuel 22:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Ta --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/22/) / 22:15 # 1 Samuel 22:15 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** I, heed, king, servant · **What happens:** begin, inquire, be, not let, impute, know · **To what, where:** thing, nothing This is 1 Samuel 22:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, heed, king, servant — and what happens in the verse to thing, nothing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַיּ֧וֹם הַחִלֹּ֛תִי לִשְׁאָל־ל֥וֹ בֵאלֹהִ֖ים חָלִ֣ילָה לִּ֑י אַל־יָשֵׂם֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ בְּעַבְדּ֤וֹ דָבָר֙ בְּכָל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔י כִּ֠י לֹֽא־יָדַ֤ע עַבְדְּךָ֙ בְּכָל־זֹ֔את דָּבָ֥ר קָטֹ֖ן א֥וֹ גָדֽוֹל׃ [Have I to-day begun to inquire of God for him? be it far from me; let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father; for thy servant knoweth nothing of all this, less or more.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.651/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:590 # text = הַיּ֧וֹם הַחִלֹּ֛תִי לִשְׁאָל־ל֥וֹ בֵאלֹהִ֖ים חָלִ֣ילָה לִּ֑י אַל־יָשֵׂם֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ בְּעַבְדּ֤וֹ דָבָר֙ בְּכָל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔י כִּ֠י לֹֽא־יָדַ֤ע עַבְדְּךָ֙ בְּכָל־זֹ֔את דָּבָ֥ר קָטֹ֖ן א֥וֹ גָדֽוֹל׃ # verse = 1SA.22.15 1-2 הַיּ֧וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 2 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_22:15!1|MId=o090220150011|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 2 יּ֧וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_22:15!1|MId=o090220150012|Strong=3117 3 הַחִלֹּ֛תִי חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=did.I.begin?|Ref=1SA_22:15!2|MId=o090220150021|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:090220140021;|Type=qatal 4-5 לִשְׁאָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_22:15!4|MId=o090220150041|Strong=3807a 5 שְׁאָל־ שָׁאַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 xcomp _ Gloss=enquire|Ref=1SA_22:15!4|MId=o090220150042|Strong=7592|Frame=A0:090220140021;|Type=infinitive_construct 6-7 ל֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 ל לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_22:15!5|MId=o090220150051|Strong=3807a 7 ֥וֹ שָׁאַל PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_22:15!5|MId=o090220150052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-9 בֵאלֹהִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בֵ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=1SA_22:15!6|MId=o090220150061|Strong=0871a 9 אלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_22:15!6|MId=o090220150062|Strong=0430 10-11 חָלִ֣ילָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 חָלִ֣יל חָלִילָה INTJ _ _ 11 discourse _ Gloss=far|Ref=1SA_22:15!7|MId=o090220150071|Strong=2486|Type=interjection 11 ָה ה X _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=be.it|Ref=1SA_22:15!7|MId=o090220150072|Strong=1886c|Type=paragogic_he 12-13 לִּ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_22:15!8|MId=o090220150081|Strong=3807a 13 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_22:15!8|MId=o090220150082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_22:15!9|MId=o090220150091|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 15 יָשֵׂם֩ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=let.him.put|Ref=1SA_22:15!10|MId=o090220150101|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:090220150112;A1:090220150131;|Type=jussive 16-17 הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_22:15!11|MId=o090220150111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 מֶּ֨לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=1SA_22:15!11|MId=o090220150112|Strong=4428 18-20 בְּעַבְדּ֤וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=1SA_22:15!12|MId=o090220150121|Strong=0871a 19 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=servant|Ref=1SA_22:15!12|MId=o090220150122|Strong=5650 20 ֤וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_22:15!12|MId=o090220150123|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21 דָבָר֙ דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=anything|Ref=1SA_22:15!13|MId=o090220150131|Strong=1697 22-23 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=1SA_22:15!14|MId=o090220150141|Strong=0871a 23 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_22:15!14|MId=o090220150142|Strong=3605 24 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=1SA_22:15!15|MId=o090220150151|Strong=1004 25-26 אָבִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.father|Ref=1SA_22:15!16|MId=o090220150161|Strong=0001 26 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_22:15!16|MId=o090220150162|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 27 כִּ֠י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_22:15!17|MId=o090220150171|Strong=3588 28 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 29 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_22:15!18|MId=o090220150181|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 29 יָדַ֤ע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 advcl _ Gloss=he.knew|Ref=1SA_22:15!19|MId=o090220150191|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090220150201;A1:090220150241;090220150261;|Type=qatal 30-31 עַבְדְּךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=1SA_22:15!20|MId=o090220150201|Strong=5650 31 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_22:15!20|MId=o090220150202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32-33 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_22:15!21|MId=o090220150211|Strong=0871a 33 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_22:15!21|MId=o090220150212|Strong=3605 34 זֹ֔את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 35 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_22:15!22|MId=o090220150221|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 35 דָּבָ֥ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=anything|Ref=1SA_22:15!23|MId=o090220150231|Strong=1697 36 קָטֹ֖ן קָטֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obj _ Gloss=small|Ref=1SA_22:15!24|MId=o090220150241|Strong=6996a|Type=adjective 37 א֥וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=or|Ref=1SA_22:15!25|MId=o090220150251|Strong=0176 38 גָדֽוֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 conj _ Gloss=great|Ref=1SA_22:15!26|MId=o090220150261|Strong=1419|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=1SA_22:15!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַחִלֹּתִי *did I begin?* | qatal · hiphil | | | | | | שְׁאָל־ *enquire* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | **not** יָשֵׂם *let him put* | jussive · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | דָבָר *anything* | | | | **not** יָדַע *he knew* | qatal · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | קָטֹן *small* + גָדֽוֹל *great* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} יוֹמָא דֵין שְׁרִיתִי לְמִשְׁאַל לֵיהּ בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ חַס לִי לָא יְשַׁוֵי מַלְכָּא בְּעַבְדֵיהּ פִּתְגָמָא בְּכָל בֵּית אַבָּא אֲרֵי לָא יְדַע עַבְדָךְ בְּכָל דָא פִּתְגַם זְעֵיר אוֹ רַב: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Have I to-day begun to inquire of God for him? be it far from me; let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father; for thy servant knoweth nothing of all this, less or more.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.651/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:590`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 22:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.14/) - next →: [1 Samuel 22:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.16/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/22/)