--- title: 1 Samuel 22:3 — And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab; and he said unto the king o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab; and he said unto the king of Moab: 'Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.' Who acts: David, father, I, God. 1 Samuel 22:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/22/) / 22:3 # 1 Samuel 22:3 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, father, I, God · **What happens:** go, say, let, pray, come, be · **To what, where:** Mizpeh, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 22:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, father, I, God — and what happens in the verse to Mizpeh, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ דָּוִ֛ד מִשָּׁ֖ם מִצְפֵּ֣ה מוֹאָ֑ב וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֗ב יֵֽצֵא־נָ֞א אָבִ֤י וְאִמִּי֙ אִתְּכֶ֔ם עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֵדַ֔ע מַה־יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֖י אֱלֹהִֽים׃ [And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab; and he said unto the king of Moab: 'Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.639/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:578 # text = וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ דָּוִ֛ד מִשָּׁ֖ם מִצְפֵּ֣ה מוֹאָ֑ב וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֗ב יֵֽצֵא־נָ֞א אָבִ֤י וְאִמִּי֙ אִתְּכֶ֔ם עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֵדַ֔ע מַה־יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֖י אֱלֹהִֽים׃ # verse = 1SA.22.3 1-2 וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:3!1|MId=o090220030011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּ֧לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=1SA_22:3!1|MId=o090220030012|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090220030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֛ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_22:3!2|MId=o090220030021|Strong=1732 4-5 מִשָּׁ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_22:3!3|MId=o090220030031|Strong=4480 5 שָּׁ֖ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=there|Ref=1SA_22:3!3|MId=o090220030032|Strong=8033 6 מִצְפֵּ֣ה מִצְפֶּה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Mizpah|Ref=1SA_22:3!4|MId=o090220030041|Strong=4708 7 מוֹאָ֑ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=1SA_22:3!5|MId=o090220030051|Strong=4124 8-9 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:3!6|MId=o090220030061|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_22:3!6|MId=o090220030062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090220030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=1SA_22:3!6 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_22:3!7|MId=o090220030071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1SA_22:3!8|MId=o090220030081|Strong=4428 13 מוֹאָ֗ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=1SA_22:3!9|MId=o090220030091|Strong=4124 14 יֵֽצֵא־ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 ccomp _ Gloss=let.him.go.out|Ref=1SA_22:3!10|MId=o090220030101|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:090220030121;090220030132;|Type=jussive|SpaceAfter=No 15 נָ֞א נָא INTJ _ _ 14 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=1SA_22:3!11|MId=o090220030111|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 16-17 אָבִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_22:3!12|MId=o090220030121|Strong=0001 17 ִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_22:3!12|MId=o090220030122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18-20 וְאִמִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_22:3!13|MId=o090220030131|Strong=2050b 19 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=mother|Ref=1SA_22:3!13|MId=o090220030132|Strong=0517 20 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_22:3!13|MId=o090220030133|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 אִתְּכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_22:3!14|MId=o090220030141|Strong=0854 22 ְכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_22:3!14|MId=o090220030142|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23 עַ֚ד עַד ADP _ _ 14 parataxis _ Gloss=until|Ref=1SA_22:3!15|MId=o090220030151|Strong=5704 24 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1SA_22:3!16|MId=o090220030161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 אֵדַ֔ע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 23 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.know|Ref=1SA_22:3!17|MId=o090220030171|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090220030021;A1:090220030191;|Type=yiqtol 26 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 27 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=1SA_22:3!18|MId=o090220030181|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 27 יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 ccomp _ Gloss=will.he.do|Ref=1SA_22:3!19|MId=o090220030191|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:090220030181;A0:090220030211;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 לִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_22:3!20|MId=o090220030201|Strong=3807a 29 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_22:3!20|MId=o090220030202|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 30 אֱלֹהִֽים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_22:3!21|MId=o090220030211|Strong=0430|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=1SA_22:3!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יֵֽצֵא־ *let him go out* | jussive · qal | אָב *father* + אִמּ *mother* | | | | | אֵדַע *I will know* | yiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ *will he do* | | | | יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ *will he do* | yiqtol · qal | אֱלֹהִֽים *God* | מַה־ *what?* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲזַל דָוִד מִתַּמָן לְמִצְפַּיָא דְמוֹאָב וַאֲמַר לְמַלְכָּא דְמוֹאָב יִפּוֹק כְּעַן אַבָּא וְאִמָא עִמְכוֹן עַד דְאִידַע מַה יַעְבֵּיד לִי יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab; and he said unto the king of Moab: 'Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.639/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:578`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 22:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.2/) - next →: [1 Samuel 22:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/22/)