--- title: 1 Samuel 23:17 — And he said unto him: 'Fear not; for the hand of Saul my father shal… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto him: 'Fear not; for the hand of Saul my father shall not find thee; and thou shalt be king over Israel, and I shall be next unto thee; and that also Saul my father knoweth.' Who acts: David, hand, thou, I. 1 Samuel 23:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/23/) / 23:17 # 1 Samuel 23:17 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, hand, thou, I, Saul · **What happens:** say, not fear, not find, be, know · **To what, where:** thee, king, Israel · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 23:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, hand, thou, I, Saul — and what happens in the verse to thee, king, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו אַל־תִּירָ֗א כִּ֠י לֹ֤א תִֽמְצָאֲךָ֙ יַ֚ד שָׁא֣וּל אָבִ֔י וְאַתָּה֙ תִּמְלֹ֣ךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָנֹכִ֖י אֶֽהְיֶה־לְּךָ֣ לְמִשְׁנֶ֑ה וְגַם־שָׁא֥וּל אָבִ֖י יֹדֵ֥עַ כֵּֽן׃ [And he said unto him: 'Fear not; for the hand of Saul my father shall not find thee; and thou shalt be king over Israel, and I shall be next unto thee; and that also Saul my father knoweth.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.681/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:615 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו אַל־תִּירָ֗א כִּ֠י לֹ֤א תִֽמְצָאֲךָ֙ יַ֚ד שָׁא֣וּל אָבִ֔י וְאַתָּה֙ תִּמְלֹ֣ךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָנֹכִ֖י אֶֽהְיֶה־לְּךָ֣ לְמִשְׁנֶ֑ה וְגַם־שָׁא֥וּל אָבִ֖י יֹדֵ֥עַ כֵּֽן׃ # verse = 1SA.23.17 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_23:17!1|MId=o090230170011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_23:17!1|MId=o090230170012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090230160021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלָ֜י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_23:17!2|MId=o090230170021|Strong=0413 4 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_23:17!2|MId=o090230170022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 6 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=1SA_23:17!3|MId=o090230170031|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 6 תִּירָ֗א יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=be.afraid|Ref=1SA_23:17!4|MId=o090230170041|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:090230160071;|Type=jussive 7 כִּ֠י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_23:17!5|MId=o090230170051|Strong=3588 8 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_23:17!6|MId=o090230170061|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9-10 תִֽמְצָאֲךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 תִֽמְצָא מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 advcl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_23:17!7|MId=o090230170071|Strong=4672|Frame=A1:090230170072;A0:090230170081;|Type=yiqtol 10 ֲךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=will.find.you|Ref=1SA_23:17!7|MId=o090230170072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11 יַ֚ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=1SA_23:17!8|MId=o090230170081|Strong=3027 12 שָׁא֣וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Saul|Ref=1SA_23:17!9|MId=o090230170091|Strong=7586 13-14 אָבִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 appos _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_23:17!10|MId=o090230170101|Strong=0001 14 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_23:17!10|MId=o090230170102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְאַתָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_23:17!11|MId=o090230170111|Strong=2050b 16 אַתָּה֙ אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_23:17!11|MId=o090230170112|Strong=0859|Type=personal 17 תִּמְלֹ֣ךְ מָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 conj _ Gloss=you.will.reign|Ref=1SA_23:17!12|MId=o090230170121|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:090230170112;|Type=yiqtol 18 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=1SA_23:17!13|MId=o090230170131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 19 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_23:17!14|MId=o090230170141|Strong=3478 20-21 וְאָנֹכִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_23:17!15|MId=o090230170151|Strong=2050b 21 אָנֹכִ֖י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1SA_23:17!15|MId=o090230170152|Strong=0595|Type=personal 22 אֶֽהְיֶה־ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 26 cop _ Gloss=I.will.become|Ref=1SA_23:17!16|MId=o090230170161|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090230170152;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 לְּךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_23:17!17|MId=o090230170171|Strong=3807a 24 ְךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_23:17!17|MId=o090230170172|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 25-26 לְמִשְׁנֶ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(into).second|Ref=1SA_23:17!18|MId=o090230170181|Strong=3807a 26 מִשְׁנֶ֑ה מִשְׁנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=in.rank|Ref=1SA_23:17!18|MId=o090230170182|Strong=4932 27-28 וְגַם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_23:17!19|MId=o090230170191|Strong=2050b 28 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1SA_23:17!19|MId=o090230170192|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 29 שָׁא֥וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 32 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_23:17!20|MId=o090230170201|Strong=7586 30-31 אָבִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 appos _ Gloss=father|Ref=1SA_23:17!21|MId=o090230170211|Strong=0001 31 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_23:17!21|MId=o090230170212|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 32 יֹדֵ֥עַ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=[is].knowing|Ref=1SA_23:17!22|MId=o090230170221|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090230170201;|Type=participle_active 33 כֵּֽן כֵּן ADJ _ PronType=Dem 32 advmod _ Gloss=right|Ref=1SA_23:17!23|MId=o090230170231|Strong=3651a|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1SA_23:17!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** תִּירָא *be afraid* | jussive · qal | | | | | | **not** תִֽמְצָא *it* | yiqtol · qal | יַד *the hand* | ֲךָ *will find you* | | | | תִּמְלֹךְ *you will reign* | yiqtol · qal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | | אֶֽהְיֶה־ *I will become* | yiqtol · qal | אָנֹכִי *I* | | | | | יֹדֵעַ *\[is\] knowing* | participle active · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ לָא תִדְחַל אֲרֵי לָא תַשְׁכְּחִינָךְ יְדָא דְשָׁאוּל אַבָּא וְאַתְּ תִּמְלוֹךְ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲנָא אֱהֵי לָךְ לְתִנְיָן וְאַף שָׁאוּל אַבָּא יְדַע כֵּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said unto him: 'Fear not; for the hand of Saul my father shall not find thee; and thou shalt be king over Israel, and I shall be next unto thee; and that also Saul my father knoweth.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.681/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:615`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 23:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.16/) - next →: [1 Samuel 23:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.18/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/23/)