--- title: 1 Samuel 24:17 — And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these wo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these words unto Saul, that Saul said: 'Is this thy voice, my son David?' And Saul lifted up his voice, and wept. Who acts: hand, David, end, Saul. 1 Samuel 24:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmat --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.24.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/24/) / 24:17 # 1 Samuel 24:17 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** hand, David, end, Saul, this · **What happens:** come, make, speak, say, be, lift up · **To what, where:** end, words, voice · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 24:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hand, David, end, Saul, this — and what happens in the verse to end, words, voice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כְּכַלּ֣וֹת דָּוִ֗ד לְדַבֵּ֞ר אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל הֲקֹלְךָ֥ זֶ֖ה בְּנִ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַיִּשָּׂ֥א שָׁא֛וּל קֹל֖וֹ וַיֵּֽבְךְּ׃ [And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these words unto Saul, that Saul said: 'Is this thy voice, my son David?' And Saul lifted up his voice, and wept.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.713/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:643 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כְּכַלּ֣וֹת דָּוִ֗ד לְדַבֵּ֞ר אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל הֲקֹלְךָ֥ זֶ֖ה בְּנִ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַיִּשָּׂ֥א שָׁא֛וּל קֹל֖וֹ וַיֵּֽבְךְּ׃ # verse = 1SA.24.17 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_24:17!1|MId=o090240170011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1SA_24:17!1|MId=o090240170012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=1SA_24:17!1 4-5 כְּכַלּ֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=1SA_24:17!2|MId=o090240170021|Strong=3509a 5 כַלּ֣וֹת כָּלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 2 advcl _ Gloss=as.finished|Ref=1SA_24:17!2|MId=o090240170022|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:090240170031;|Type=infinitive_construct 6 דָּוִ֗ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_24:17!3|MId=o090240170031|Strong=1732 7-8 לְדַבֵּ֞ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_24:17!4|MId=o090240170041|Strong=3807a 8 דַבֵּ֞ר דָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 5 xcomp _ Gloss=speak|Ref=1SA_24:17!4|MId=o090240170042|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:090240170031;A1:090240170062;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_24:17!5|MId=o090240170051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 הַדְּבָרִ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_24:17!6|MId=o090240170061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 דְּבָרִ֤ים דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obj _ Gloss=words|Ref=1SA_24:17!6|MId=o090240170062|Strong=1697 12-13 הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_24:17!7|MId=o090240170071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 11 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=1SA_24:17!7|MId=o090240170072|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 14 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_24:17!8|MId=o090240170081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 15 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_24:17!9|MId=o090240170091|Strong=7586 16-17 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_24:17!10|MId=o090240170101|Strong=2050b 17 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_24:17!10|MId=o090240170102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090240170111;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 17 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_24:17!11|MId=o090240170111|Strong=7586 19-21 הֲקֹלְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=1SA_24:17!12|MId=o090240170121|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 20 קֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 ccomp _ Gloss=voice|Ref=1SA_24:17!12|MId=o090240170122|Strong=6963 21 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_24:17!12|MId=o090240170123|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22 זֶ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 20 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].this|Ref=1SA_24:17!13|MId=o090240170131|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 23-24 בְּנִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 parataxis _ Gloss=my.son|Ref=1SA_24:17!14|MId=o090240170141|Strong=1121 24 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_24:17!14|MId=o090240170142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25 דָוִ֑ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 23 appos _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_24:17!15|MId=o090240170151|Strong=1732 26-27 וַיִּשָּׂ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_24:17!16|MId=o090240170161|Strong=2050b 27 יִּשָּׂ֥א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.lifted.up|Ref=1SA_24:17!16|MId=o090240170162|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:090240170171;A1:090240170181;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 שָׁא֛וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_24:17!17|MId=o090240170171|Strong=7586 29-30 קֹל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 קֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obj _ Gloss=voice|Ref=1SA_24:17!18|MId=o090240170181|Strong=6963 30 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_24:17!18|MId=o090240170182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-32 וַיֵּֽבְךְּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_24:17!19|MId=o090240170191|Strong=2050b 32 יֵּֽבְךְּ בָּכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.wept|Ref=1SA_24:17!19|MId=o090240170192|Strong=1058|Frame=A0:090240170171;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1SA_24:17!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כַלּוֹת *as finished* | infinitive construct · piel | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | דַבֵּר *speak* | infinitive construct · piel | דָּוִד *David* | דְּבָרִים *words* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | יִּשָּׂא *he lifted up* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | קֹל *voice* | | | | יֵּֽבְךְּ *he wept* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד שֵׁיצֵי דָוִד לְמַלָלָא יַת פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין עִם שָׁאוּל וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל הֲקָלָךְ דֵין בְּרִי דָוִד וַאֲרֵים שָׁאוּל קָלֵיהּ וּבְכָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these words unto Saul, that Saul said: 'Is this thy voice, my son David?' And Saul lifted up his voice, and wept.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.713/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:643`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 24:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.24.16/) - next →: [1 Samuel 24:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.24.18/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/24/)