--- title: 1 Samuel 25:11 — shall I then take my bread, and my water, and my flesh that I have k… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: shall I then take my bread, and my water, and my flesh that I have killed for my shearers, and give it unto men of whom I know not whence they are?' Who acts: I, bread. 1 Samuel 25:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / 25:11 # 1 Samuel 25:11 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** I, bread · **What happens:** take, kill, give, not know, be · **To what, where:** bread, flesh · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 25:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, bread — and what happens in the verse to bread, flesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י אֶת־לַחְמִי֙ וְאֶת־מֵימַ֔י וְאֵת֙ טִבְחָתִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר טָבַ֖חְתִּי לְגֹֽזְזָ֑י וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ לַֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔עְתִּי אֵ֥י מִזֶּ֖ה הֵֽמָּה׃ [shall I then take my bread, and my water, and my flesh that I have killed for my shearers, and give it unto men of whom I know not whence they are?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.732/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:660 # text = וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י אֶת־לַחְמִי֙ וְאֶת־מֵימַ֔י וְאֵת֙ טִבְחָתִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר טָבַ֖חְתִּי לְגֹֽזְזָ֑י וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ לַֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔עְתִּי אֵ֥י מִזֶּ֖ה הֵֽמָּה׃ # verse = 1SA.25.11 1-2 וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:11!1|MId=o090250110011|Strong=2050b 2 לָקַחְתִּ֤י לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=will.I.take?|Ref=1SA_25:11!1|MId=o090250110012|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:090250100021;A1:090250110031;090250110051;090250110071;|Type=weqatal 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_25:11!2|MId=o090250110021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 לַחְמִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לַחְמ לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=bread|Ref=1SA_25:11!3|MId=o090250110031|Strong=3899 5 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_25:11!3|MId=o090250110032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:11!4|MId=o090250110041|Strong=2050b 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_25:11!4|MId=o090250110042|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 8-9 מֵימַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵימ מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=water|Ref=1SA_25:11!5|MId=o090250110051|Strong=4325 9 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_25:11!5|MId=o090250110052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10-11 וְאֵת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:11!6|MId=o090250110061|Strong=2050b 11 אֵת֙ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_25:11!6|MId=o090250110062|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12-13 טִבְחָתִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 טִבְחָת טִבְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=slaughter|Ref=1SA_25:11!7|MId=o090250110071|Strong=2878 13 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_25:11!7|MId=o090250110072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1SA_25:11!8|MId=o090250110081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 טָבַ֖חְתִּי טָבַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.have.slaughtered|Ref=1SA_25:11!9|MId=o090250110091|Strong=2873|Frame=A0:090250100021;A1:090250110071;|Type=qatal 16-18 לְגֹֽזְזָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_25:11!10|MId=o090250110101|Strong=3807a 17 גֹֽזְז גָּזַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 15 advcl _ Gloss=shearers|Ref=1SA_25:11!10|MId=o090250110102|Strong=1494|Type=participle_active 18 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_25:11!10|MId=o090250110103|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:11!11|MId=o090250110111|Strong=2050b 20 נָֽתַתִּי֙ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=will.I.give.[them]?|Ref=1SA_25:11!11|MId=o090250110112|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:090250100021;A1:090250110031;090250110051;090250110071;|Type=weqatal 21-22 לַֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_25:11!12|MId=o090250110121|Strong=3807a 22 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=men|Ref=1SA_25:11!12|MId=o090250110122|Strong=0376 23 אֲשֶׁר֙ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=1SA_25:11!13|MId=o090250110131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 24 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_25:11!14|MId=o090250110141|Strong=3808|Type=negative 25 יָדַ֔עְתִּי יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 22 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.know|Ref=1SA_25:11!15|MId=o090250110151|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090250100021;A1:090250110172;|Type=qatal 26 אֵ֥י אַי PART _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=where?|Ref=1SA_25:11!16|MId=o090250110161|Strong=0335|Type=interrogative 27-28 מִזֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_25:11!17|MId=o090250110171|Strong=4480 28 זֶּ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 ccomp _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_25:11!17|MId=o090250110172|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 29 הֵֽמָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].they|Ref=1SA_25:11!18|MId=o090250110181|Strong=1992|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1SA_25:11!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | לָקַחְתִּי *will I take?* | weqatal · qal | | לַחְמ *bread* + מֵימ *water* + טִבְחָת *slaughter* | | | | טָבַחְתִּי *I have slaughtered* | qatal · qal | | טִבְחָת *slaughter* | | | | נָֽתַתִּי *will I give \[them\]?* | weqatal · qal | | לַחְמ *bread* + מֵימ *water* + טִבְחָת *slaughter* | | | | **not** יָדַעְתִּי *I know* | qatal · qal | | זֶּה *this* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאֶסַב יַת מֵיכְלֵי וְיַת מִשְׁתִּי וְיַת שֵׁירוּתִי דְאַתְקֵינִית לְגָזְזַי וְאֶתֵּן לְגַבְרַיָא דְלָא יְדַעַת אֵי מִנָן אִנוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [shall I then take my bread, and my water, and my flesh that I have killed for my shearers, and give it unto men of whom I know not whence they are?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.732/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:660`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.10/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.12/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/)