--- title: 1 Samuel 25:17 — Now therefore know and consider what thou wilt do; for evil is deter… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore know and consider what thou wilt do; for evil is determined against our master, and against all his house; for he is such a base fellow, that one cannot speak to him.' Who acts: you, thou, man, one. 1 Samuel 25:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / 25:17 # 1 Samuel 25:17 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** you, thou, man, one · **What happens:** know, consider, do, determine, be, not speak · **To what, where:** evil, base fellow, man · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 25:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, thou, man, one — and what happens in the verse to evil, base fellow, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה דְּעִ֤י וּרְאִי֙ מַֽה־תַּעֲשִׂ֔י כִּֽי־כָלְתָ֧ה הָרָעָ֛ה אֶל־אֲדֹנֵ֖ינוּ וְעַ֣ל כָּל־בֵּית֑וֹ וְהוּא֙ בֶּן־בְּלִיַּ֔עַל מִדַּבֵּ֖ר אֵלָֽיו׃ [Now therefore know and consider what thou wilt do; for evil is determined against our master, and against all his house; for he is such a base fellow, that one cannot speak to him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.738/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:666 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה דְּעִ֤י וּרְאִי֙ מַֽה־תַּעֲשִׂ֔י כִּֽי־כָלְתָ֧ה הָרָעָ֛ה אֶל־אֲדֹנֵ֖ינוּ וְעַ֣ל כָּל־בֵּית֑וֹ וְהוּא֙ בֶּן־בְּלִיַּ֔עַל מִדַּבֵּ֖ר אֵלָֽיו׃ # verse = 1SA.25.17 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:17!1|MId=o090250170011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=now|Ref=1SA_25:17!1|MId=o090250170012|Strong=6258 3 דְּעִ֤י יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=know|Ref=1SA_25:17!2|MId=o090250170021|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090250140013;A1:090250170051;|Type=imperative 4-5 וּרְאִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:17!3|MId=o090250170031|Strong=2050b 5 רְאִי֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=see|Ref=1SA_25:17!3|MId=o090250170032|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:090250140013;A1:090250170051;|Type=imperative 6 מַֽה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 7 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=1SA_25:17!4|MId=o090250170041|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 7 תַּעֲשִׂ֔י עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 ccomp _ Gloss=will.you.do|Ref=1SA_25:17!5|MId=o090250170051|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090250140013;A1:090250170041;|Type=yiqtol 8 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_25:17!6|MId=o090250170061|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 9 כָלְתָ֧ה כָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=it.has.been.determined|Ref=1SA_25:17!7|MId=o090250170071|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:090250170082;|Type=qatal 10-11 הָרָעָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_25:17!8|MId=o090250170081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 רָעָ֛ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=evil|Ref=1SA_25:17!8|MId=o090250170082|Strong=7451b 12 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=1SA_25:17!9|MId=o090250170091|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 אֲדֹנֵ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֲדֹנֵ֖י אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=master(s)|Ref=1SA_25:17!10|MId=o090250170101|Strong=0113 14 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=1SA_25:17!10|MId=o090250170102|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְעַ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:17!11|MId=o090250170111|Strong=2050b 16 עַ֣ל עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_25:17!11|MId=o090250170112|Strong=5921 17 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_25:17!12|MId=o090250170121|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 בֵּית֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בֵּית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=household|Ref=1SA_25:17!13|MId=o090250170131|Strong=1004 19 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_25:17!13|MId=o090250170132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְהוּא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:17!14|MId=o090250170141|Strong=2050b 21 הוּא֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_25:17!14|MId=o090250170142|Strong=1931|Type=personal 22 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[is].a.son|Ref=1SA_25:17!15|MId=o090250170151|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 23 בְּלִיַּ֔עַל בְּלִיַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.worthlessness|Ref=1SA_25:17!16|MId=o090250170161|Strong=1100 24-25 מִדַּבֵּ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_25:17!17|MId=o090250170171|Strong=4480 25 דַּבֵּ֖ר דָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 22 advcl _ Gloss=speaking|Ref=1SA_25:17!17|MId=o090250170172|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:;|Type=infinitive_construct 26-27 אֵלָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אֵלָֽי אֶל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_25:17!18|MId=o090250170181|Strong=0413 27 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_25:17!18|MId=o090250170182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=1SA_25:17!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | דְּעִי *know* | imperative · qal | | תַּעֲשִׂי *will you do* | | | | רְאִי *see* | imperative · qal | | תַּעֲשִׂי *will you do* | | | | תַּעֲשִׂי *will you do* | yiqtol · qal | | מַֽה־ *what?* | | | | כָלְתָה *it has been determined* | qatal · qal | רָעָה *evil* | | | | | דַּבֵּר *speaking* | infinitive construct · piel | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן דְעִי וַחֲזֵי מַה תַעְבְּדִין אֲרֵי גְמִירָא בִּישְׁתָא לְמֵיתֵי עַל רִבּוֹנָנָא וְעַל כָּל בֵּיתֵיהּ וְהוּא גְבַר רַשִׁיעָא מִלְמַלָלָא עִמֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore know and consider what thou wilt do; for evil is determined against our master, and against all his house; for he is such a base fellow, that one cannot speak to him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.738/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:666`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.16/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.18/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/)