--- title: 1 Samuel 25:18 — Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottle… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses. Who acts: Abigail. 1 Samuel 25:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / 25:18 # 1 Samuel 25:18 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Abigail · **What happens:** make, take, dress, parch, lay, measure · **To what, where:** haste, hundred loaves, five sheep, loaves, asses, parched corn This is 1 Samuel 25:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abigail — and what happens in the verse to haste, hundred loaves, five sheep, loaves, asses, parched corn, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתְּמַהֵ֣ר אֲבִיגַ֡יִל וַתִּקַּח֩ מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם וּשְׁנַ֣יִם נִבְלֵי־יַ֗יִן וְחָמֵ֨שׁ צֹ֤אן עֲשׂוּיֹת֙וְחָמֵ֤שׁ סְאִים֙ קָלִ֔י וּמֵאָ֥ה צִמֻּקִ֖ים וּמָאתַ֣יִם דְּבֵלִ֑ים וַתָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־הַחֲמֹרִֽים׃ [Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.739/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:667 # text = וַתְּמַהֵ֣ר אֲבִיגַ֡יִל וַתִּקַּח֩ מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם וּשְׁנַ֣יִם נִבְלֵי־יַ֗יִן וְחָמֵ֨שׁ צֹ֤אן עֲשׂוּיֹת֙וְחָמֵ֤שׁ סְאִים֙ קָלִ֔י וּמֵאָ֥ה צִמֻּקִ֖ים וּמָאתַ֣יִם דְּבֵלִ֑ים וַתָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־הַחֲמֹרִֽים׃ # verse = 1SA.25.18 1-2 וַתְּמַהֵ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!1|MId=o090250180011|Strong=2050b 2 תְּמַהֵ֣ר מָהַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.made.haste|Ref=1SA_25:18!1|MId=o090250180012|Strong=4116|Frame=A0:090250180031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֲבִיגַ֡יִל אֲבִיגַיִל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Abigail|Ref=1SA_25:18!3|MId=o090250180031|Strong=0026 4-5 וַתִּקַּח֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!4|MId=o090250180041|Strong=2050b 5 תִּקַּח֩ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.took|Ref=1SA_25:18!4|MId=o090250180042|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:090250180031;A1:090250180061;090250180081;090250180111;090250180151;090250180181;090250180201;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 מָאתַ֨יִם מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Dual 7 nummod _ Gloss=two.hundred|Ref=1SA_25:18!5|MId=o090250180051|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 7 לֶ֜חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=bread[s]|Ref=1SA_25:18!6|MId=o090250180061|Strong=3899 8-9 וּשְׁנַ֣יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!7|MId=o090250180071|Strong=2050b 9 שְׁנַ֣יִם שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 10 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=1SA_25:18!7|MId=o090250180072|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 10 נִבְלֵי־ נֵבֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=jars|Ref=1SA_25:18!8|MId=o090250180081|Strong=5035|SpaceAfter=No 11 יַ֗יִן יַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.wine|Ref=1SA_25:18!9|MId=o090250180091|Strong=3196 12-13 וְחָמֵ֨שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!10|MId=o090250180101|Strong=2050b 13 חָמֵ֨שׁ חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 nummod _ Gloss=five|Ref=1SA_25:18!10|MId=o090250180102|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 14 צֹ֤אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=sheep|Ref=1SA_25:18!11|MId=o090250180111|Strong=6629 15-17 עֲשׂוּיֹת֙וְחָמֵ֤שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עֲשׂוּיֹת֙ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 14 nmod _ Gloss=prepared|Ref=1SA_25:18!13|MId=o090250180131|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:090250180111;|Type=participle_passive 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!14|MId=o090250180141|Strong=2050b 17 חָמֵ֤שׁ חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 nummod _ Gloss=five|Ref=1SA_25:18!14|MId=o090250180142|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 18 סְאִים֙ סְאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=seahs|Ref=1SA_25:18!15|MId=o090250180151|Strong=5429 19 קָלִ֔י קָלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=of.roasted.grain|Ref=1SA_25:18!16|MId=o090250180161|Strong=7039 20-21 וּמֵאָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!17|MId=o090250180171|Strong=2050b 21 מֵאָ֥ה מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 22 nummod _ Gloss=a.hundred|Ref=1SA_25:18!17|MId=o090250180172|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 22 צִמֻּקִ֖ים צִמּוּקִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=bunches.of.raisins|Ref=1SA_25:18!18|MId=o090250180181|Strong=6778 23-24 וּמָאתַ֣יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!19|MId=o090250180191|Strong=2050b 24 מָאתַ֣יִם מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Dual 25 nummod _ Gloss=two.hundred|Ref=1SA_25:18!19|MId=o090250180192|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 25 דְּבֵלִ֑ים דְּבֵלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=fig.cakes|Ref=1SA_25:18!20|MId=o090250180201|Strong=1690 26-27 וַתָּ֖שֶׂם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:18!21|MId=o090250180211|Strong=2050b 27 תָּ֖שֶׂם שׂים VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.put.[them]|Ref=1SA_25:18!21|MId=o090250180212|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:090250180031;A1:090250180061;090250180081;090250180111;090250180151;090250180181;090250180201;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_25:18!22|MId=o090250180221|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 הַחֲמֹרִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_25:18!23|MId=o090250180231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 חֲמֹרִֽים חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 obl _ Gloss=donkeys|Ref=1SA_25:18!23|MId=o090250180232|Strong=2543 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=1SA_25:18!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּמַהֵר *she made haste* | wayyiqtol · piel | אֲבִיגַיִל *Abigail* | | | | | תִּקַּח *she took* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִיגַיִל *Abigail* | לֶחֶם *bread\[s\]* + נִבְלֵי־ *jars* + צֹאן *sheep* + סְאִים *seahs* + צִמֻּקִים *bunches of raisins* + דְּבֵלִים *fig cakes* | | | | עֲשׂוּיֹת *prepared* | participle passive · qal | | צֹאן *sheep* | | | | תָּשֶׂם *she put \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִיגַיִל *Abigail* | לֶחֶם *bread\[s\]* + נִבְלֵי־ *jars* + צֹאן *sheep* + סְאִים *seahs* + צִמֻּקִים *bunches of raisins* + דְּבֵלִים *fig cakes* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאוֹחִיאַת אֲבִיגַיִל וּנְסִיבַת מָאתָן גְרִיצָן דִלְחֵם וּתְרֵין גַרְבִין דַחֲמַר וְחָמֵשׁ עָאן תַּכְבְּרָא וְחָמֵשׁ סְאִין קָלַיָא וּמְאָה אַתְכְּלִין דְעִנְבִין יְבֵישִׁין וּמָאתָן מָנָן דְבֵלָתָא וְשַׁוִיאַת עַל חֲמָרַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.739/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:667`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.17/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.19/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/)