--- title: 1 Samuel 25:37 — And it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Na… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, that his wife told him these things, and his heart died within him, and he became as a stone. Who acts: wine, wife, heart. 1 Samuel 25:37 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.37/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / 25:37 # 1 Samuel 25:37 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** wine, wife, heart · **What happens:** come, pass, be, tell, die, become · **To what, where:** feast, Nabal, things, David · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 25:37 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wine, wife, heart — and what happens in the verse to feast, Nabal, things, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י בַבֹּ֗קֶר בְּצֵ֤את הַיַּ֙יִן֙ מִנָּבָ֔ל וַתַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיָּ֤מָת לִבּוֹ֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וְה֖וּא הָיָ֥ה לְאָֽבֶן׃ [And it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, that his wife told him these things, and his heart died within him, and he became as a stone.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.759/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:686 # text = וַיְהִ֣י בַבֹּ֗קֶר בְּצֵ֤את הַיַּ֙יִן֙ מִנָּבָ֔ל וַתַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיָּ֤מָת לִבּוֹ֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וְה֖וּא הָיָ֥ה לְאָֽבֶן׃ # verse = 1SA.25.37 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:37!1|MId=o090250370011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1SA_25:37!1|MId=o090250370012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַבֹּ֗קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_25:37!2|MId=o090250370021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_25:37!2|MId=o090250370021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 בֹּ֗קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=morning|Ref=1SA_25:37!2|MId=o090250370022|Strong=1242 6-7 בְּצֵ֤את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=1SA_25:37!3|MId=o090250370031|Strong=0871a 7 צֵ֤את יָצָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=had.gone.out|Ref=1SA_25:37!3|MId=o090250370032|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:090250370042;|Type=infinitive_construct 8-9 הַיַּ֙יִן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_25:37!4|MId=o090250370041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 יַּ֙יִן֙ יַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=wine|Ref=1SA_25:37!4|MId=o090250370042|Strong=3196 10-11 מִנָּבָ֔ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_25:37!5|MId=o090250370051|Strong=4480 11 נָּבָ֔ל נָבָל PROPN _ _ 7 obl _ Gloss=Nabal|Ref=1SA_25:37!5|MId=o090250370052|Strong=5037 12-13 וַתַּגֶּד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:37!6|MId=o090250370061|Strong=2050b 13 תַּגֶּד־ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.told|Ref=1SA_25:37!6|MId=o090250370062|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:090250370081;A0:090250370102;|Type=wayyiqtol 14-15 ל֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_25:37!7|MId=o090250370071|Strong=3807a 15 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_25:37!7|MId=o090250370072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אִשְׁתּ אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=wife|Ref=1SA_25:37!8|MId=o090250370081|Strong=0802 17 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_25:37!8|MId=o090250370082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_25:37!9|MId=o090250370091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַדְּבָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_25:37!10|MId=o090250370101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 דְּבָרִ֖ים דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obj _ Gloss=things|Ref=1SA_25:37!10|MId=o090250370102|Strong=1697 21-22 הָאֵ֑לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_25:37!11|MId=o090250370111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 אֵ֑לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 20 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=1SA_25:37!11|MId=o090250370112|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 23-24 וַיָּ֤מָת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:37!12|MId=o090250370121|Strong=2050b 24 יָּ֤מָת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.died|Ref=1SA_25:37!12|MId=o090250370122|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:090250370131;|Type=wayyiqtol 25-26 לִבּוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=1SA_25:37!13|MId=o090250370131|Strong=3820 26 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_25:37!13|MId=o090250370132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-29 בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_25:37!14|MId=o090250370141|Strong=0871a 28 קִרְבּ קֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=his.inward|Ref=1SA_25:37!14|MId=o090250370142|Strong=7130 29 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=part[s]|Ref=1SA_25:37!14|MId=o090250370143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30-31 וְה֖וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:37!15|MId=o090250370151|Strong=2050b 31 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_25:37!15|MId=o090250370152|Strong=1931|Type=personal 32 הָיָ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 34 cop _ Gloss=he.became|Ref=1SA_25:37!16|MId=o090250370161|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090250370152;|Type=qatal 33-34 לְאָֽבֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(into)|Ref=1SA_25:37!17|MId=o090250370171|Strong=3807a 34 אָֽבֶן אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=stone|Ref=1SA_25:37!17|MId=o090250370172|Strong=0068 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1SA_25:37!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | צֵאת *had gone out* | infinitive construct · qal | יַּיִן *wine* | | | | | תַּגֶּד־ *she told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | דְּבָרִים *things* | | | אִשְׁתּ *wife* | | יָּמָת *it died* | wayyiqtol · qal | לִבּ *heart* | | | | | הָיָה *he became* | qatal · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְצַפְרָא כַּד פָּג חַמְרָא מִנָבָל וְחַוִיאַת לֵיהּ אִתְּתֵיהּ יַת פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין וּמִית לִבֵּיהּ בִּמְעוֹהִי וְהוּא הֲוָא כְאַבְנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, that his wife told him these things, and his heart died within him, and he became as a stone.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.759/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:686`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.36/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.38/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/)